石油实验地质
石油實驗地質
석유실험지질
EXPERIMENTAL PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
2014年
3期
257-267
,共11页
走滑断裂%构造演化%油气运移%油气勘探%塔中北坡%塔里木盆地
走滑斷裂%構造縯化%油氣運移%油氣勘探%塔中北坡%塔裏木盆地
주활단렬%구조연화%유기운이%유기감탐%탑중북파%탑리목분지
strike-slip fault%structural evolution%hydrocarbon migration%petroleum exploration%northern slope of middle Tarim Basin%Tarim Basin
通过塔中北坡三维地震资料的解析,对主要断裂带的变形特征、活动期次与控储控藏特征进行了研究,认为该区主要发育8排NNE或NEE走向的左行走滑断裂带,主要活动期为加里东中期(中奥陶世末)与海西早期(中泥盆世末)。海西早期张扭性走滑断裂是在加里东中期压扭性走滑断裂的基础上继承性发育的,受控于先存基底薄弱带与构造应力的不均衡作用,属于典型的被动型走滑断裂;断裂系统形成的裂缝及后期发生的热液活动,对奥陶系碳酸盐岩溶蚀孔洞-裂缝型储集体发育具有重要的控制作用。该区经历了加里东晚期、海西晚期与喜马拉雅期3个主要成藏期,古生代的构造格局与走滑断裂活动控制了本区油气纵向分布的差异与富集,形成了中下奥陶统以干气气藏为主、下志留统以油藏为主的成藏特征。塔中北坡奥陶系碳酸盐岩是寻找天然气规模储量与产量阵地的现实领域,走滑断裂附近分布的串珠状地震反射异常体是最有利的勘探目标;同时志留系柯坪塔格组中段泥岩覆盖下砂体的“甜点”发育区,是柯坪塔格组下段油藏的有利勘探区带。
通過塔中北坡三維地震資料的解析,對主要斷裂帶的變形特徵、活動期次與控儲控藏特徵進行瞭研究,認為該區主要髮育8排NNE或NEE走嚮的左行走滑斷裂帶,主要活動期為加裏東中期(中奧陶世末)與海西早期(中泥盆世末)。海西早期張扭性走滑斷裂是在加裏東中期壓扭性走滑斷裂的基礎上繼承性髮育的,受控于先存基底薄弱帶與構造應力的不均衡作用,屬于典型的被動型走滑斷裂;斷裂繫統形成的裂縫及後期髮生的熱液活動,對奧陶繫碳痠鹽巖溶蝕孔洞-裂縫型儲集體髮育具有重要的控製作用。該區經歷瞭加裏東晚期、海西晚期與喜馬拉雅期3箇主要成藏期,古生代的構造格跼與走滑斷裂活動控製瞭本區油氣縱嚮分佈的差異與富集,形成瞭中下奧陶統以榦氣氣藏為主、下誌留統以油藏為主的成藏特徵。塔中北坡奧陶繫碳痠鹽巖是尋找天然氣規模儲量與產量陣地的現實領域,走滑斷裂附近分佈的串珠狀地震反射異常體是最有利的勘探目標;同時誌留繫柯坪塔格組中段泥巖覆蓋下砂體的“甜點”髮育區,是柯坪塔格組下段油藏的有利勘探區帶。
통과탑중북파삼유지진자료적해석,대주요단렬대적변형특정、활동기차여공저공장특정진행료연구,인위해구주요발육8배NNE혹NEE주향적좌행주활단렬대,주요활동기위가리동중기(중오도세말)여해서조기(중니분세말)。해서조기장뉴성주활단렬시재가리동중기압뉴성주활단렬적기출상계승성발육적,수공우선존기저박약대여구조응력적불균형작용,속우전형적피동형주활단렬;단렬계통형성적렬봉급후기발생적열액활동,대오도계탄산염암용식공동-렬봉형저집체발육구유중요적공제작용。해구경력료가리동만기、해서만기여희마랍아기3개주요성장기,고생대적구조격국여주활단렬활동공제료본구유기종향분포적차이여부집,형성료중하오도통이간기기장위주、하지류통이유장위주적성장특정。탑중북파오도계탄산염암시심조천연기규모저량여산량진지적현실영역,주활단렬부근분포적천주상지진반사이상체시최유리적감탐목표;동시지류계가평탑격조중단니암복개하사체적“첨점”발육구,시가평탑격조하단유장적유리감탐구대。
Based on the 3D seismic interpretation of the northern slope of the middle Tarim Basin, the evolution features, activity phases and their controlling on reservoirs of main faults were studied. There were 8 rows of NNE-or NEE-trending sinistral strike-slip faults in the study area, and the faults were active mainly during the middle Caledonian ( the end of the Middle Ordovician) and the early Hercynian ( the end of the Middle Devonian) . The early Hercynian tense-shearing strike-slip faults developed based on the middle Caledonian compressive-torsional faults, and were controlled by previous basement weak zone and disproportion tectonic stress, hence belonged to typical passive strike-slip faults. Fractures and hydrothermal activities played important roles in the generation of fracturedand vuggy reservoirs in Ordovician carbonate rocks. 3 main reservoir charging episodes were conclu-ded including the late Caledonian, the late Hercynian and the Himalayan. Paleozoic tectonic frameworks and strike-slip fault activities controlled the longitudinal distribution and enrichment of hydrocarbon, featured by dry gas in the Middle and Lower Ordovician and oil in the Lower Silurian. The Ordovician carbonate rocks in northern slope of the middle Tarim Basin are actual domains for the industrial production of natural gas. The beaded seis-mic reflection anomalies near to strike-slip faults are most favorable exploration targets. The“desserts” in sands under mudstones in the middle Kepingtage Formation are also favorable targets.