CAJ | 학술논문

以玉米（Zea mays ssp. mays L.）为供试作物，研究不同施磷量[0、75、150、300、600 kg·hm-2（以P2O5计）]对未污染玉米地土壤中有效Cd含量和玉米Cd含量的影响，并探讨磷肥的安全施用量。结果表明：与CK相比，施磷玉米秸秆生物量增幅6.04%~11.39%（春玉米）和5.74%~8.01%（秋玉米）；籽粒产量增幅8.2%~13.1%（春玉米）和13.7%~20.0%（秋玉米），秸秆Cd质量分数下降2.7%~45.8%（春玉米）和11.0%~43.6%（秋玉米）；籽粒Cd质量分数下降13.0%~40.6%（春玉米）和9.9%~31.5%（秋玉米）。不同施磷量间玉米籽粒、秸秆产量差异不显著，但秸秆、籽粒Cd含量均随施磷量的增加而降低，其中以P4[600 kg·hm-2（以P2O5计）]处理最为显著；施磷对土壤全Cd含量影响不大，但土壤pH、有效磷含量随施磷量的增加而提高，有效 Cd 含量随施磷量的增加而下降。综合玉米产量和有效降低土壤磷、Cd 风险的最佳施磷水平为150 kg·hm-2。
이옥미（Zea mays ssp. mays L.）위공시작물，연구불동시린량[0、75、150、300、600 kg·hm-2（이P2O5계）]대미오염옥미지토양중유효Cd함량화옥미Cd함량적영향，병탐토린비적안전시용량。결과표명：여CK상비，시린옥미갈간생물량증폭6.04%~11.39%（춘옥미）화5.74%~8.01%（추옥미）；자립산량증폭8.2%~13.1%（춘옥미）화13.7%~20.0%（추옥미），갈간Cd질량분수하강2.7%~45.8%（춘옥미）화11.0%~43.6%（추옥미）；자립Cd질량분수하강13.0%~40.6%（춘옥미）화9.9%~31.5%（추옥미）。불동시린량간옥미자립、갈간산량차이불현저，단갈간、자립Cd함량균수시린량적증가이강저，기중이P4[600 kg·hm-2（이P2O5계）]처리최위현저；시린대토양전Cd함량영향불대，단토양pH、유효린함량수시린량적증가이제고，유효 Cd 함량수시린량적증가이하강。종합옥미산량화유효강저토양린、Cd 풍험적최가시린수평위150 kg·hm-2。
A field experiments were carried out to evaluate the available Cd in soil and Cd content in corn (Zea mays ssp. mays L.) with various application rate of phosphate fertilizer (0, 75, 150, 300 and 600 kg P·hm-2). The results showed that phosphate fertilizer could significantly increase the straw biomass and grain yield compared with CK. Meanwhile, the straw biomass and grain yield increased in a scope of 6.04%-11.39% (Spring corn) and 5.74%-8.01%(Autumn corn), 8.2%-13.1% (Spring corn) and 13.7%-20.0%(Autumn corn), respectively. In addition, phosphate fertilizer also decreased the Cd content in straw and grain with a scope of 2.7%-45.8%(Spring corn) and 11.0%-43.6%(Autumn corn), 13.0%-40.6%(Spring corn) and 9.9%-31.5%(Autumn corn), respectively. However, even though the grain and straw yield had not significantly changed under the increasing phosphate fertilizer conditions, the Cd concentration decreased both in straw and in grain especially at the P4 level was significant lower than those at the P1 and P2 level. Total Cd content in soil had not significantly changed after application of phosphate fertilizer, but soil pH and available P content increased with the increasing phosphate fertilizer. On the contrary, soil available Cd content decreased with the increasing phosphate fertilizer. Correlation analysis revealed that Cd accumulation in corn could be attributed primarily to immobilization of Cd by enhanced soil pH. Base on above result, the best application rate of phosphate fertilizer is P2 level (150 kg P·hm-2).