CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析狂犬病病例的流行病学特点及临床表现，探讨狂犬病的预防及患者的临终护理方法。方法对本院1974年1月至2012年12月收治的215例狂犬病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果入组患者共215例，其中暴露后伤口未处理或不正规处理者189例，未接种狂犬病疫苗者155例，未全程接种及不正规接种即发病者31例。215例患者全部死亡。结论目前狂犬病仍无有效治疗方法，一旦暴露后应及时正确处理伤口，尽早、足量以及全程预防注射是防止发病的主要手段；做好患者的对症护理、安全护理、临终关怀及家属的心理疏导是护理的关键。
목적분석광견병병례적류행병학특점급림상표현，탐토광견병적예방급환자적림종호리방법。방법대본원1974년1월지2012년12월수치적215례광견병환자적림상자료진행회고성분석。결과입조환자공215례，기중폭로후상구미처리혹불정규처리자189례，미접충광견병역묘자155례，미전정접충급불정규접충즉발병자31례。215례환자전부사망。결론목전광견병잉무유효치료방법，일단폭로후응급시정학처리상구，진조、족량이급전정예방주사시방지발병적주요수단；주호환자적대증호리、안전호리、림종관부급가속적심리소도시호리적관건。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestations of rabies cases, and to investigate the prevention of rabies and the nursing for patients with end-of-life. Methods Total of 215 cases with rabies were admitted to our hospital from January 1974 to December 2012, and the clinical data were analyzed, retrospectively. Results Among the 215 patients, 189 cases whose wounds were untreated or inadequate untreated after exposure, 155 cases were not vaccinated against rabies, and 31 cases were not fully immunized. In this study, all 215 cases died eventually. Conclusions There is still no effective treatment for rabies currently. The wound should be treated timely and correctly as soon as it is exposed, early, adequate and full vaccination is the main method for prevention from rabies. It is the key measure for the patient’s symptomatic care, safe mursing, hospice and family psychological counseling.