中华实验和临床感染病杂志(电子版)
中華實驗和臨床感染病雜誌(電子版)
중화실험화림상감염병잡지(전자판)
CHINESE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES(ELECTRONIC VERSION)
2013年
3期
404-407
,共4页
细菌耐药%肝硬化%腹膜炎,自发性,细菌性
細菌耐藥%肝硬化%腹膜炎,自髮性,細菌性
세균내약%간경화%복막염,자발성,세균성
Drug resistance%Liver cirrhosis%Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
目的监测肝硬化合并自发性细菌性腹膜炎的病原学和耐药情况。方法回顾性分析首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院2010年1月至2011年12月诊断为肝硬化自发性腹膜炎的送检腹水标本共452例,统计分析病原谱的分布和抗菌药物的敏感性。结果收集腹水标本中分离到的94株致病菌,培养阳性率为20.8%(94/452)。其中革兰阴性杆菌49株(52%),革兰阳性球菌42株(45%),真菌3株(3%)。病原菌以肠道来源细菌占优势,革兰阴性杆菌以肠杆菌科为主,其中大肠埃希菌19株(20%)、肺炎克雷伯菌6株(6%),革兰阳性球菌中以肠球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌检出率最高,其中凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌12株(13%)、屎肠球菌10株(11%)和粪肠球菌8株(9%)。3株真菌均为白念珠菌。革兰阴性杆菌敏感率在80%以上的抗菌药物有阿米卡星(93%,40/43)、亚胺培南(81.4%,35/43)和美罗培南(83.7%,36/43),敏感率在60%以上的有头孢他啶(62.8%,27/43)和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(68.2%,15/22)。对革兰阳性球菌敏感率在80%以上的有万古霉素(96.9%,30/31)、替考拉宁(89.7%,26/29)、利奈唑胺(87.9%,29/33)和奎奴普丁/达福普汀(100%,18/18),敏感率在60%以上的有复方新诺明(70%,21/30)和甲氧苄胺(76.5%,13/17)。结论肝硬化自发性细菌性腹膜炎的病原体以肠源性细菌多见,主要为大肠埃希菌和肠球菌,分离株对常见抗菌药物明显耐药。
目的鑑測肝硬化閤併自髮性細菌性腹膜炎的病原學和耐藥情況。方法迴顧性分析首都醫科大學附屬北京地罈醫院2010年1月至2011年12月診斷為肝硬化自髮性腹膜炎的送檢腹水標本共452例,統計分析病原譜的分佈和抗菌藥物的敏感性。結果收集腹水標本中分離到的94株緻病菌,培養暘性率為20.8%(94/452)。其中革蘭陰性桿菌49株(52%),革蘭暘性毬菌42株(45%),真菌3株(3%)。病原菌以腸道來源細菌佔優勢,革蘭陰性桿菌以腸桿菌科為主,其中大腸埃希菌19株(20%)、肺炎剋雷伯菌6株(6%),革蘭暘性毬菌中以腸毬菌和凝固酶陰性葡萄毬菌檢齣率最高,其中凝固酶陰性葡萄毬菌12株(13%)、屎腸毬菌10株(11%)和糞腸毬菌8株(9%)。3株真菌均為白唸珠菌。革蘭陰性桿菌敏感率在80%以上的抗菌藥物有阿米卡星(93%,40/43)、亞胺培南(81.4%,35/43)和美囉培南(83.7%,36/43),敏感率在60%以上的有頭孢他啶(62.8%,27/43)和哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(68.2%,15/22)。對革蘭暘性毬菌敏感率在80%以上的有萬古黴素(96.9%,30/31)、替攷拉寧(89.7%,26/29)、利奈唑胺(87.9%,29/33)和奎奴普丁/達福普汀(100%,18/18),敏感率在60%以上的有複方新諾明(70%,21/30)和甲氧芐胺(76.5%,13/17)。結論肝硬化自髮性細菌性腹膜炎的病原體以腸源性細菌多見,主要為大腸埃希菌和腸毬菌,分離株對常見抗菌藥物明顯耐藥。
목적감측간경화합병자발성세균성복막염적병원학화내약정황。방법회고성분석수도의과대학부속북경지단의원2010년1월지2011년12월진단위간경화자발성복막염적송검복수표본공452례,통계분석병원보적분포화항균약물적민감성。결과수집복수표본중분리도적94주치병균,배양양성솔위20.8%(94/452)。기중혁란음성간균49주(52%),혁란양성구균42주(45%),진균3주(3%)。병원균이장도래원세균점우세,혁란음성간균이장간균과위주,기중대장애희균19주(20%)、폐염극뢰백균6주(6%),혁란양성구균중이장구균화응고매음성포도구균검출솔최고,기중응고매음성포도구균12주(13%)、시장구균10주(11%)화분장구균8주(9%)。3주진균균위백념주균。혁란음성간균민감솔재80%이상적항균약물유아미잡성(93%,40/43)、아알배남(81.4%,35/43)화미라배남(83.7%,36/43),민감솔재60%이상적유두포타정(62.8%,27/43)화고랍서림/타서파탄(68.2%,15/22)。대혁란양성구균민감솔재80%이상적유만고매소(96.9%,30/31)、체고랍저(89.7%,26/29)、리내서알(87.9%,29/33)화규노보정/체복보정(100%,18/18),민감솔재60%이상적유복방신낙명(70%,21/30)화갑양변알(76.5%,13/17)。결론간경화자발성세균성복막염적병원체이장원성세균다견,주요위대장애희균화장구균,분리주대상견항균약물명현내약。
Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from ascites in liver cirrhosis patients with spontaneous peritonitis. Methods Total of 452 cases with cirrhosis and spontaneous peritonitis in our hospital between 2010 and 2011 were collected and the distribution of pathogens spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from their ascites specimens were analyzed, retrospectively. Results Total of 94 strains were isolated among 452 ascites specimens, with the cultivate positive rate as 20.8%. Among which, 49 strains were Gram-negative bacilli (52%, 49/94), 42 strains of Gram-positive cocci (45%, 42/94) and 3 strains of fungi (3%, 3/94). The most common isolates were enterogenous bacteria, and enterobacteriaceae bacteria was the major Gram negative bacilli, including 19 strains of E. coli (20%, 19/94) and 6 strains of Pneumonia crayresearch (6%, 6/94), the most commonly isolated Gram positive cocci included Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (13%, 12/94), Feces enterococci (11%, 10/94) and Enterococcus faecalis (9%, 8/94), and all 3 isolates of fungi were Candida albicans. Antibiotics wtih the susceptibilities to these Gramnegative bacilli over 80% included amikacin (93%, 41/43), imipenem (81.4%, 35/43) and meropenem (83.7%, 36/43), with ceftazidime (62.8%, 27/43) and piperacillin/tazobactam (68.2%, 15/22) higher than 60%. For Grampositive cocci, the susceptibility higher than 80% included vancomycin (96.9%, 30/31), teicoplanin(89.7%, 26/29), linezolid (87.9%, 29/33) and quinupristin/dalfopristin (100%, 18/18), with cotrimoxazole (70%, 21/30) and trimethoprim (76.5%, 13/17) higher than 60%. Conclusions Enterogenous bacteria is the major cause to spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients, particularly E. coli and Enterococci, and isolated bacteria are resistant to common antibiotics, which should be paid close attention to.