华北农学报
華北農學報
화북농학보
ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA
2013年
4期
190-194
,共5页
张辉民%黄文坤%孔令安%彭德良%孙建华
張輝民%黃文坤%孔令安%彭德良%孫建華
장휘민%황문곤%공령안%팽덕량%손건화
禾谷孢囊线虫%生防真菌%分子鉴定%孢囊减少率
禾穀孢囊線蟲%生防真菌%分子鑒定%孢囊減少率
화곡포낭선충%생방진균%분자감정%포낭감소솔
Cereal cyst nematode%Bio-control fungi%Molecular identification%Cyst decay rate
禾谷孢囊线虫病是我国小麦产区主要的病害之一,对农业生产造成了极大的损失。通过从孢囊上分离寄生真菌,扩增其ITS序列,并通过室内生测和盆栽试验对其发酵液进行了杀线虫活性测定。结果表明,共鉴定获得31株真菌,分别属于镰刀菌属、支顶孢属、枝孢属、曲霉属、链格孢属、毛壳菌属、枝氯霉属、根霉、小球腔菌属、青霉菌属10个属,其中镰刀菌属真菌最多有8株。黑曲霉属真菌HN214与曲霉属真菌HN132的发酵液稀释4倍后,对禾谷孢囊线虫的校正死亡率分别为99.66%和96.56%;室内盆栽活性测定表明,真菌HN132的8倍发酵液处理后,禾谷孢囊线虫的孢囊减少率达64.1%,在生产上具有较好的开发前景。
禾穀孢囊線蟲病是我國小麥產區主要的病害之一,對農業生產造成瞭極大的損失。通過從孢囊上分離寄生真菌,擴增其ITS序列,併通過室內生測和盆栽試驗對其髮酵液進行瞭殺線蟲活性測定。結果錶明,共鑒定穫得31株真菌,分彆屬于鐮刀菌屬、支頂孢屬、枝孢屬、麯黴屬、鏈格孢屬、毛殼菌屬、枝氯黴屬、根黴、小毬腔菌屬、青黴菌屬10箇屬,其中鐮刀菌屬真菌最多有8株。黑麯黴屬真菌HN214與麯黴屬真菌HN132的髮酵液稀釋4倍後,對禾穀孢囊線蟲的校正死亡率分彆為99.66%和96.56%;室內盆栽活性測定錶明,真菌HN132的8倍髮酵液處理後,禾穀孢囊線蟲的孢囊減少率達64.1%,在生產上具有較好的開髮前景。
화곡포낭선충병시아국소맥산구주요적병해지일,대농업생산조성료겁대적손실。통과종포낭상분리기생진균,확증기ITS서렬,병통과실내생측화분재시험대기발효액진행료살선충활성측정。결과표명,공감정획득31주진균,분별속우렴도균속、지정포속、지포속、곡매속、련격포속、모각균속、지록매속、근매、소구강균속、청매균속10개속,기중렴도균속진균최다유8주。흑곡매속진균HN214여곡매속진균HN132적발효액희석4배후,대화곡포낭선충적교정사망솔분별위99.66%화96.56%;실내분재활성측정표명,진균HN132적8배발효액처리후,화곡포낭선충적포낭감소솔체64.1%,재생산상구유교호적개발전경。
The cereal cyst nematode ( CCN ) Heterodera avenae is recognized as one of the important pests of wheat in China .In order to seek for biocontrol agents for CCN management ,31 fungal strains were isolated from CCN cysts.It included Fusarium spp., Acremonium spp., Cladosporium spp., Aspergillus spp., Alternaria spp., Chaetomium spp.,Ramichloridium spp.,Rhizopus spp.,Leptosphaeria spp.,Penicillium spp..The fungal number of Fusarium spp.was the most,it had 8 strains.The nematode mortality was determined by bioassay and pot experi-ment.The death rate of two Aspergillus spp.strains HN214 and HN132 at 4-fold dilution were 99.66% and 96.56%,respectively.The inhibition of HN132 fermentation liquid on cyst production assayed by pot experiment was significantly effective at 8-fold dilution .The cysts of treatment decreased by 64 .1%compared to the untreated control.Therefore,both HN132 and HN214 strains were considered as potential biocontrol agents of CCN .