CAJ | 학술논문

野燕麦具有对小麦遗传改良有益的基因，将其遗传物质导入到小麦中对丰富小麦的种质资源具有重要意义。对小麦-野燕麦杂交获得的蓝粒新种质的染色体进行了初步鉴定，其染色体数目为2 n＝42。用蓝粒新种质蓝粒与白粒小麦进行正反杂交，其F1均表现为蓝色，表明蓝粒对白粒为显性，且具有花粉直感现象。然而，当用红粒小麦中国春为母本与其杂交时，杂种粒色为红粒，通过谷蛋白电泳进一步证实了该红粒杂种的真实性。这表明蓝粒在遗传过程中有母本效应。
야연맥구유대소맥유전개량유익적기인，장기유전물질도입도소맥중대봉부소맥적충질자원구유중요의의。대소맥-야연맥잡교획득적람립신충질적염색체진행료초보감정，기염색체수목위2 n＝42。용람립신충질람립여백립소맥진행정반잡교，기F1균표현위람색，표명람립대백립위현성，차구유화분직감현상。연이，당용홍립소맥중국춘위모본여기잡교시，잡충립색위홍립，통과곡단백전영진일보증실료해홍립잡충적진실성。저표명람립재유전과정중유모본효응。
The wild oat contains some useful genes for wheat genetic improvement .The transfer of genetic mate-rial from oat to common wheat is of important significance for enriching the breeding resource of wheat .In the pa-per ,the new blue-seed germplasm from wheat-oat cross was studied ,which had 42 chromosomes and could be inher-ited stably .When the blue-seed line was crossed with white-seed genotypes ,the reciprocal F 1 hybrids all presented blue seed coat ,which indicated that the blue seed was a dominant trait to white seed ,and had pollen xenia effect . However,when it was used as male parent to cross with red-seed genotype Chinese-spring,the F1 hybrid presented the red-seed color ,and the realness of hybrid seeds was confirmed by means of glutenin electrophoresis .This result indicated that the maternal effect was involved in the heredity of blue-seed color .