化工进展
化工進展
화공진전
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
2013年
9期
2077-2084
,共8页
膜电极组件%巴克纸%催化剂%膜电极性能%Pt利用率
膜電極組件%巴剋紙%催化劑%膜電極性能%Pt利用率
막전겁조건%파극지%최화제%막전겁성능%Pt이용솔
membrane electrode assembly%buckypaper%catalyst%MEA performance%Pt utilization
燃料电池被认为是21世纪最具有发展前景的能量转换装置，可应用于汽车、电站及家庭用电等领域。膜电极（membrane electrode assembly，MEA）是燃料电池电化学反应发生的主要场所，它的材料、结构、组成和制备方法等因素对燃料电池的性能有着直接的影响。膜电极制备方法可以分为催化剂制备到基体上（catalyst-coated substrate，CCS）和催化剂制备到膜上（catalyst-coated membrane，CCM）法两类。本文首先简单地介绍了 CCS 和 CCM法中都用到的溅射法、喷涂法和转印法，再从膜电极制备方法中存在的问题出发，总结了部分有关改善 MEA 性能的策略，包括 Nafion 含量的优化、质子交换膜的改进、热压条件的优化和催化剂层的改进。在催化剂层的改进部分，分别从梯度结构、纳米结构薄膜（nano-structured thin film，NSTF）催化剂、碳纸上原位生长碳纳米管、碳纳米管/碳纳米纤维复合网状物和活性金属沉积方法这几个方面来进行阐述。
燃料電池被認為是21世紀最具有髮展前景的能量轉換裝置，可應用于汽車、電站及傢庭用電等領域。膜電極（membrane electrode assembly，MEA）是燃料電池電化學反應髮生的主要場所，它的材料、結構、組成和製備方法等因素對燃料電池的性能有著直接的影響。膜電極製備方法可以分為催化劑製備到基體上（catalyst-coated substrate，CCS）和催化劑製備到膜上（catalyst-coated membrane，CCM）法兩類。本文首先簡單地介紹瞭 CCS 和 CCM法中都用到的濺射法、噴塗法和轉印法，再從膜電極製備方法中存在的問題齣髮，總結瞭部分有關改善 MEA 性能的策略，包括 Nafion 含量的優化、質子交換膜的改進、熱壓條件的優化和催化劑層的改進。在催化劑層的改進部分，分彆從梯度結構、納米結構薄膜（nano-structured thin film，NSTF）催化劑、碳紙上原位生長碳納米管、碳納米管/碳納米纖維複閤網狀物和活性金屬沉積方法這幾箇方麵來進行闡述。
연료전지피인위시21세기최구유발전전경적능량전환장치，가응용우기차、전참급가정용전등영역。막전겁（membrane electrode assembly，MEA）시연료전지전화학반응발생적주요장소，타적재료、결구、조성화제비방법등인소대연료전지적성능유착직접적영향。막전겁제비방법가이분위최화제제비도기체상（catalyst-coated substrate，CCS）화최화제제비도막상（catalyst-coated membrane，CCM）법량류。본문수선간단지개소료 CCS 화 CCM법중도용도적천사법、분도법화전인법，재종막전겁제비방법중존재적문제출발，총결료부분유관개선 MEA 성능적책략，포괄 Nafion 함량적우화、질자교환막적개진、열압조건적우화화최화제층적개진。재최화제층적개진부분，분별종제도결구、납미결구박막（nano-structured thin film，NSTF）최화제、탄지상원위생장탄납미관、탄납미관/탄납미섬유복합망상물화활성금속침적방법저궤개방면래진행천술。
Fuel cell is considered as one of the most promising 21st century energy conversion device. It can be applied to cars,power plants and household electricity generation. Membrane electrode assembly (MEA),in which electrochemical reaction takes place,is an essential part of the fuel cell. Materials,structure and components. used in the MEA and fabrication methods have direct influence on the performance of fuel cells. MEA preparation methods can be classified into two categories, catalyst-coated substrate (CCS) and catalyst-coated membrane (CCM) methods. The sputtering method,spraying method and decal method used in the CCS and CCM methods are described. Based on existing problems in MEA preparation,several strategies for improving MEA performance, including the optimization of nafion content and hot pressing conditions and the improvement of catalyst layer and proton exchange membrane are summarized. The catalyst layer optimization is discussed from gradient structure,3M’s nano-structured thin film (NSTF) catalyst,carbon paper on which carbon nanotubes directly grow,carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibers composite network and the improved deposition methods of active metal.
