中国马铃薯
中國馬鈴藷
중국마령서
CHINESE POTATO
2013年
4期
215-221
,共7页
任少勇%王姣%黄美华%肖强%魏翠果%宋树慧%蒙美莲%陈有君
任少勇%王姣%黃美華%肖彊%魏翠果%宋樹慧%矇美蓮%陳有君
임소용%왕교%황미화%초강%위취과%송수혜%몽미련%진유군
炭基肥%马铃薯%干物质%产量
炭基肥%馬鈴藷%榦物質%產量
탄기비%마령서%간물질%산량
carbon based fertilizer%potato%dry matter%yield
利用生物炭与化肥混合加工制成的炭基肥具有改良土壤、保水保肥、延长肥效的作用。为了给内蒙古阴山北麓地区马铃薯生产中合理施用炭基肥提供一定的依据，试验研究了0，300，600，900和1200 kg/hm2炭基肥及等量氮磷钾化肥对马铃薯干物质积累和分配及产量的影响。结果表明：在出苗后15~75 d里，随着炭基肥施肥量的增加，马铃薯干物质积累量和产量逐渐增加。炭基肥施用量300，600，900和1200 kg/hm2的茎叶干物质积累量的平均值与不施肥对照相比分别提高了21.46%、33.89%、52.11%、60.23%，块茎干物质积累量的平均值分别提高了2.80%、21.58%、36.26%、46.44%，且900和1200 kg/hm2的炭基肥施肥量下，茎叶和块茎干物质积累量的平均值与对照差异达到显著或极显著水平；产量分别较对照增产26.01%、34.77%、43.39%和49.71%，差异达到显著或极显著水平。900和1200 kg/hm2的炭基肥施肥量下，马铃薯单株结薯数、大薯率、公顷干物质积累量和干物质积累速率均高于对照。等量氮磷钾条件下，施炭基肥的马铃薯单株结薯数、大薯率、产量、公顷干物质积累量和积累速率均高于化肥。
利用生物炭與化肥混閤加工製成的炭基肥具有改良土壤、保水保肥、延長肥效的作用。為瞭給內矇古陰山北麓地區馬鈴藷生產中閤理施用炭基肥提供一定的依據，試驗研究瞭0，300，600，900和1200 kg/hm2炭基肥及等量氮燐鉀化肥對馬鈴藷榦物質積纍和分配及產量的影響。結果錶明：在齣苗後15~75 d裏，隨著炭基肥施肥量的增加，馬鈴藷榦物質積纍量和產量逐漸增加。炭基肥施用量300，600，900和1200 kg/hm2的莖葉榦物質積纍量的平均值與不施肥對照相比分彆提高瞭21.46%、33.89%、52.11%、60.23%，塊莖榦物質積纍量的平均值分彆提高瞭2.80%、21.58%、36.26%、46.44%，且900和1200 kg/hm2的炭基肥施肥量下，莖葉和塊莖榦物質積纍量的平均值與對照差異達到顯著或極顯著水平；產量分彆較對照增產26.01%、34.77%、43.39%和49.71%，差異達到顯著或極顯著水平。900和1200 kg/hm2的炭基肥施肥量下，馬鈴藷單株結藷數、大藷率、公頃榦物質積纍量和榦物質積纍速率均高于對照。等量氮燐鉀條件下，施炭基肥的馬鈴藷單株結藷數、大藷率、產量、公頃榦物質積纍量和積纍速率均高于化肥。
이용생물탄여화비혼합가공제성적탄기비구유개량토양、보수보비、연장비효적작용。위료급내몽고음산북록지구마령서생산중합리시용탄기비제공일정적의거，시험연구료0，300，600，900화1200 kg/hm2탄기비급등량담린갑화비대마령서간물질적루화분배급산량적영향。결과표명：재출묘후15~75 d리，수착탄기비시비량적증가，마령서간물질적루량화산량축점증가。탄기비시용량300，600，900화1200 kg/hm2적경협간물질적루량적평균치여불시비대조상비분별제고료21.46%、33.89%、52.11%、60.23%，괴경간물질적루량적평균치분별제고료2.80%、21.58%、36.26%、46.44%，차900화1200 kg/hm2적탄기비시비량하，경협화괴경간물질적루량적평균치여대조차이체도현저혹겁현저수평；산량분별교대조증산26.01%、34.77%、43.39%화49.71%，차이체도현저혹겁현저수평。900화1200 kg/hm2적탄기비시비량하，마령서단주결서수、대서솔、공경간물질적루량화간물질적루속솔균고우대조。등량담린갑조건하，시탄기비적마령서단주결서수、대서솔、산량、공경간물질적루량화적루속솔균고우화비。
Carbon based fertilizer is a mixture of biochar and chemical fertilizer, and may ameliorate soil structure, and preserve soil water and fertilizer. In order to lay a solid theoretical foundation for reasonable application of the carbon based fertilizer in the production of potato in Wuchuan area of Inner Mongolia, a random complete block design was adopted to study the effects of the carbon based fertilizer on dry matter accumulation and distribution, and yield by applying 0, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 kg/ha of this fertilizer and the same amount of N, P, and K fertilizer. In the period of 15-75 d after emergence, dry matter accumulation and yield of potato were increased with increase in application rate of carbon based fertilizer. When carbon based fertilizer was applied at the rate of 300,600 , 900 and 1200 kg/ha, the average accumulation of stems and leaves was increased by 21.46%, 33.89%, 52.11%and 60.23%, respectively, compared with the control. For tubers, the average accumulation was increased by 2.80%, 21.58%, 36.26%and 46.44%, respectively. For the treatments of 900 and 1200 kg/ha, the difference was significant or highly significant in average accumulation for stems and leaves, and tubers yield of potato when applied with the carbon based fertilizer was increased by 26.01%, 34.77%, 43.39%and 49.71%compared with the control, and the difference was significant or highly significant. The number of tuber per plant, the rate of big tubers, dry matter accumulation per hectare and <br> dry matter accumulation rate of the treatment of 900 and 1200 kg/ha carbon based fertilizer were much higher than the control. The results also indicated that the number of tuber per plant, the rate of big tubers, tuber yield, dry matter accumulation per hectare and dry matter accumulation rate of the treatments with carbon based fertilizer were higher than chemical fertilizer of the same amount of N, P, and K.
