中国马铃薯
中國馬鈴藷
중국마령서
CHINESE POTATO
2013年
4期
193-198
,共6页
李莹%吕文河%白雅梅%李文霞%徐学谱
李瑩%呂文河%白雅梅%李文霞%徐學譜
리형%려문하%백아매%리문하%서학보
马铃薯%二倍体%4x-2x杂交%比重
馬鈴藷%二倍體%4x-2x雜交%比重
마령서%이배체%4x-2x잡교%비중
potato%diploid%4x-2x cross%specific gravity
马铃薯的比重是加工企业要考虑的一个重要性状。本研究的目的是比较4x-4x和4x-2x杂种后代高世代选系的比重,试图利用单向有性多倍化(Unilateral sexual polyploidization, USP)的方法从二倍体栽培种向四倍体普通栽培种转育高比重基因。四倍体亲本为品种或高世代选系,二倍体亲本是普通马铃薯栽培种(Solanum tuberosum)双单倍体与二倍体栽培种富利亚(S. phureja)杂种的互交后代,或经轮回选择适应长日照的S. phureja-S. stenotomum杂种后代。从4x-4x和4x-2x组合各选出17个高世代无性系,以‘克新18号’(鲜食)和‘夏坡地’(薯条加工)为对照,采用随机区组设计,2011~2012年在黑龙江省的加格达奇评价了4x-4x和4x-2x高世代选系比重的表现。4x-2x和4x-4x后代高世代选系比重平均为1.0727和1.0659,二者差异极显著。但是,4x-2x内和4x-4x内无性系的差异仍达极显著水平。4x-2x四倍体后代HJ04-18-17, HJ04-27-41, HJ04-22-19以及HJ04-15-36比重高于对照品种‘夏坡地’,并和其有显著差异。结果表明,和4x-4x组合相比,4x-2x组合后代含有较高的比重。
馬鈴藷的比重是加工企業要攷慮的一箇重要性狀。本研究的目的是比較4x-4x和4x-2x雜種後代高世代選繫的比重,試圖利用單嚮有性多倍化(Unilateral sexual polyploidization, USP)的方法從二倍體栽培種嚮四倍體普通栽培種轉育高比重基因。四倍體親本為品種或高世代選繫,二倍體親本是普通馬鈴藷栽培種(Solanum tuberosum)雙單倍體與二倍體栽培種富利亞(S. phureja)雜種的互交後代,或經輪迴選擇適應長日照的S. phureja-S. stenotomum雜種後代。從4x-4x和4x-2x組閤各選齣17箇高世代無性繫,以‘剋新18號’(鮮食)和‘夏坡地’(藷條加工)為對照,採用隨機區組設計,2011~2012年在黑龍江省的加格達奇評價瞭4x-4x和4x-2x高世代選繫比重的錶現。4x-2x和4x-4x後代高世代選繫比重平均為1.0727和1.0659,二者差異極顯著。但是,4x-2x內和4x-4x內無性繫的差異仍達極顯著水平。4x-2x四倍體後代HJ04-18-17, HJ04-27-41, HJ04-22-19以及HJ04-15-36比重高于對照品種‘夏坡地’,併和其有顯著差異。結果錶明,和4x-4x組閤相比,4x-2x組閤後代含有較高的比重。
마령서적비중시가공기업요고필적일개중요성상。본연구적목적시비교4x-4x화4x-2x잡충후대고세대선계적비중,시도이용단향유성다배화(Unilateral sexual polyploidization, USP)적방법종이배체재배충향사배체보통재배충전육고비중기인。사배체친본위품충혹고세대선계,이배체친본시보통마령서재배충(Solanum tuberosum)쌍단배체여이배체재배충부리아(S. phureja)잡충적호교후대,혹경륜회선택괄응장일조적S. phureja-S. stenotomum잡충후대。종4x-4x화4x-2x조합각선출17개고세대무성계,이‘극신18호’(선식)화‘하파지’(서조가공)위대조,채용수궤구조설계,2011~2012년재흑룡강성적가격체기평개료4x-4x화4x-2x고세대선계비중적표현。4x-2x화4x-4x후대고세대선계비중평균위1.0727화1.0659,이자차이겁현저。단시,4x-2x내화4x-4x내무성계적차이잉체겁현저수평。4x-2x사배체후대HJ04-18-17, HJ04-27-41, HJ04-22-19이급HJ04-15-36비중고우대조품충‘하파지’,병화기유현저차이。결과표명,화4x-4x조합상비,4x-2x조합후대함유교고적비중。
Specific gra vity is an important character to be considered in potato processing. The purposes of this research were to compare the specific gravity of advanced clones selected from 4x-4x and 4x-2x crosses and try transferring high specific gravity genes from cultivated diploid species to tetraploid cultivars. Tetraploid parents were cultivars or advanced selections;diploid parents were intercrossing progenies of haploid Tuberosum-Phureja hybrids, or S. phureja-S. stenotomum hybrids undergone current selection for long-day adaptation. Seventeen advanced clones were selected out from each type of 4x-4x and 4x-2x crosses and evaluated for their specific gravity in a randomized complete block design at Jiagedaqi, Heilongjiang in 2011 and 2012, using 'Kexin 18' (table potato) and 'Shepody' (French fry) as controls. The average of specific gravity of advanced clones from 4x-2x and 4x-4x crosses were 1.0727 and 1.0659, respectively, the difference being significant. However, variations within 4x-2x and 4x-4x crosses were stil highly significant. HJ04-18-17, HJ04-27-41, HJ04-22-19 and HJ04-15-36, al from 4x-2x crosses, were significantly higher in specific gravity than the control cultivar 'Shepody'. The results indicated that advanced clones selected from 4x-2x crosses had higher specific gravity than those from 4x-4x crosses.