CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解肺结核患者结核病预防传播知识的认知水平。方法：自行设计调查问卷，采用便利抽样方法，对北京市某传染病医院住院前3日的肺结核患者100例进行调查。结果：预防结核病传播知识总得分为（54.41±8.56)分，知识得分≤57分的占61.0%，结核病患者对预防结核病传播的知识认知现状处于中等偏下水平；易感人群维度得分最低（1.87±1.07），预防结核病传播措施维度得分其次（3.22±0.57）；各维度得分最低的条目分别为：HIV/AIDS与结核病（1.24±1.86），结核病人应配戴哪种口罩（1.32±1.89），密闭环境下结核菌的传播（2.20±2.00），结核病的早期症状（2.72±0.74）。不同年龄、不同文化程度、不同患病时间患者知识得分差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：肺结核患者预防结核病传播知识的认知处于中等偏低水平，其中不同年龄、文化程度及患病时间的患者对传播知识的掌握有差异性。提示医务人员应根据患者的不同情况，有针对性地对结核病的传播知识及预防传播措施进行宣传教育，从而提高肺结核患者对预防结核病传播知识的认知水平，自觉采取良好的卫生行为，减少结核病在人群中的传播。
목적：료해폐결핵환자결핵병예방전파지식적인지수평。방법：자행설계조사문권，채용편리추양방법，대북경시모전염병의원주원전3일적폐결핵환자100례진행조사。결과：예방결핵병전파지식총득분위（54.41±8.56)분，지식득분≤57분적점61.0%，결핵병환자대예방결핵병전파적지식인지현상처우중등편하수평；역감인군유도득분최저（1.87±1.07），예방결핵병전파조시유도득분기차（3.22±0.57）；각유도득분최저적조목분별위：HIV/AIDS여결핵병（1.24±1.86），결핵병인응배대나충구조（1.32±1.89），밀폐배경하결핵균적전파（2.20±2.00），결핵병적조기증상（2.72±0.74）。불동년령、불동문화정도、불동환병시간환자지식득분차이유통계학의의（P<0.05）。결론：폐결핵환자예방결핵병전파지식적인지처우중등편저수평，기중불동년령、문화정도급환병시간적환자대전파지식적장악유차이성。제시의무인원응근거환자적불동정황，유침대성지대결핵병적전파지식급예방전파조시진행선전교육，종이제고폐결핵환자대예방결핵병전파지식적인지수평，자각채취량호적위생행위，감소결핵병재인군중적전파。
Objective:To understand the level of tuberculosis prevention knowledge among tuberculosis patients. Methods:By using convenience sampling method, the questionnaires were sent to 100 pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the ifrst 3 days of their hospitalization in an infectious disease hospital in Beijing. Results:The total score of tuberculosis prevention knowledge was (54.41 ± 8.56). Patients whose score were≤57 accounted for 61.0%, so their general knowledge about tuberculosis transmission prevention was at a lower level. Knowledge in susceptible population dimensions got the lowest score (1.87±1.07). Knowledge in the tuberculosis transmission prevention measures dimension got the next to the lowest score (3.22±0.57). Items with the lowest scores were:HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis (1.24±1.86);which kind of mask should TB patients wear (1.32±1.89), the spread of TB in a closed environment (2.20±2.00);early symptoms of TB (2.72 ± 0.74). There were statistical signiifcances of the scores in patients with different age, education level and duration of disease (P<0.05). Conclusion:Pulmonary tuberculosis patients' knowledge of tuberculosis transmission prevention was at a low level. Their levels of knowledge differ in age, education level and duration of disease. Health care professionals should carry out health education in the spread of tuberculosis and prevention measures according to the patient's needs, so as to improve the patients' level of tuberculosis prevention knowledge and develop their good hygienic practices, then reduce the spread of tuberculosis in the population.