中华劳动卫生职业病杂志
中華勞動衛生職業病雜誌
중화노동위생직업병잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE AND OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
2013年
10期
744-748
,共5页
丁勇%贾利娜%杨斌%张刚%王海洋%郭卫伟%贾晓芳%葛翠翠%张勤丽
丁勇%賈利娜%楊斌%張剛%王海洋%郭衛偉%賈曉芳%葛翠翠%張勤麗
정용%가리나%양빈%장강%왕해양%곽위위%가효방%갈취취%장근려
纳米氧化铝%神经发育毒性
納米氧化鋁%神經髮育毒性
납미양화려%신경발육독성
Nano-alumina%Neurodevelopmental toxicity
目的 观察小鼠孕期暴露纳米氧化铝对子代神经发育的影响.方法 ICR雌性小鼠于交配前10d开始染毒至仔鼠出生.所有雌鼠随机分为5组:溶剂对照组(生理盐水)、纳米碳组(11.76mg/ml)、微米氧化铝组(50 mg/ml)、50 nm氧化铝组(50 mg/ml)、13 nm氧化铝组(50 mg/ml).均采用滴鼻方式以10 μl/次,3次/d,染毒至仔鼠出生,采用生理学指标、反射和感觉功能试验、耐力实验、Morris水迷宫、定位导航、旷场实验等方法检测仔鼠的神经发育情况.结果 出生后28 d,13 nm粒径氧化铝染毒组体重[(16.73±4.04)g]明显低于溶剂对照组[(20.45±2.50)g],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；与溶剂对照组[(4.45±0.50)d]相比,13 nm氧化铝组张耳天数[(4.91±0.78)d]延迟,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),与溶剂对照组出牙天数[(10.05±0.23)d]比,其他各组出牙指标都出现延迟,其中纳米碳组[(10.32±0.48)d]、微米粒径铝组[(10.75±0.45)d]、50 nm粒径氧化铝组[(10.32±0.47)d]、13 nm粒径氧化铝组[(10.79±0.49)d],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).反射和感觉功能方面:在出生后第4天和第7天测试的悬崖回避实验中,与溶剂对照组相比其余各组悬崖回避达标率均有不同程度的降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).耐力测试方面:在出生后12d和14 d测试的相对于溶剂对照组,纳米碳组、50 nm粒径氧化铝组、13 nm氧化铝组仔鼠前置悬挂时间减少,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Morris水迷宫、定位导航试验:在定位导航试验中,13 nm粒径氧化铝组连续5d潜伏期与溶剂对照组比较有增加,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；穿越平台的次数方面与溶剂对照组相比,其他组穿越次数减少,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).旷场实验方面:与溶剂对照组相比,纳米碳组与13 nm粒径氧化铝组的站立次数减少(P＜0.05),与溶剂对照组相比较其他各组的修饰次数均减少(P＜0.01).结论 孕期暴露13 nm粒径氧化铝会对仔鼠的生理发育、早期行为发育产生抑制作用；对子代大脑学习记忆能力,及其对新异环境的适应能力产生抑制；在耐力实验、直立次数方面随着纳米氧化铝粒径的减小其对仔鼠的发育毒性增大.
目的 觀察小鼠孕期暴露納米氧化鋁對子代神經髮育的影響.方法 ICR雌性小鼠于交配前10d開始染毒至仔鼠齣生.所有雌鼠隨機分為5組:溶劑對照組(生理鹽水)、納米碳組(11.76mg/ml)、微米氧化鋁組(50 mg/ml)、50 nm氧化鋁組(50 mg/ml)、13 nm氧化鋁組(50 mg/ml).均採用滴鼻方式以10 μl/次,3次/d,染毒至仔鼠齣生,採用生理學指標、反射和感覺功能試驗、耐力實驗、Morris水迷宮、定位導航、曠場實驗等方法檢測仔鼠的神經髮育情況.結果 齣生後28 d,13 nm粒徑氧化鋁染毒組體重[(16.73±4.04)g]明顯低于溶劑對照組[(20.45±2.50)g],差異有統計學意義(P＜0.01)；與溶劑對照組[(4.45±0.50)d]相比,13 nm氧化鋁組張耳天數[(4.91±0.78)d]延遲,差異有統計學意義(P＜0.01),與溶劑對照組齣牙天數[(10.05±0.23)d]比,其他各組齣牙指標都齣現延遲,其中納米碳組[(10.32±0.48)d]、微米粒徑鋁組[(10.75±0.45)d]、50 nm粒徑氧化鋁組[(10.32±0.47)d]、13 nm粒徑氧化鋁組[(10.79±0.49)d],差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).反射和感覺功能方麵:在齣生後第4天和第7天測試的懸崖迴避實驗中,與溶劑對照組相比其餘各組懸崖迴避達標率均有不同程度的降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).耐力測試方麵:在齣生後12d和14 d測試的相對于溶劑對照組,納米碳組、50 nm粒徑氧化鋁組、13 nm氧化鋁組仔鼠前置懸掛時間減少,差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Morris水迷宮、定位導航試驗:在定位導航試驗中,13 nm粒徑氧化鋁組連續5d潛伏期與溶劑對照組比較有增加,差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05)；穿越平檯的次數方麵與溶劑對照組相比,其他組穿越次數減少,差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).曠場實驗方麵:與溶劑對照組相比,納米碳組與13 nm粒徑氧化鋁組的站立次數減少(P＜0.05),與溶劑對照組相比較其他各組的脩飾次數均減少(P＜0.01).結論 孕期暴露13 nm粒徑氧化鋁會對仔鼠的生理髮育、早期行為髮育產生抑製作用；對子代大腦學習記憶能力,及其對新異環境的適應能力產生抑製；在耐力實驗、直立次數方麵隨著納米氧化鋁粒徑的減小其對仔鼠的髮育毒性增大.
목적 관찰소서잉기폭로납미양화려대자대신경발육적영향.방법 ICR자성소서우교배전10d개시염독지자서출생.소유자서수궤분위5조:용제대조조(생리염수)、납미탄조(11.76mg/ml)、미미양화려조(50 mg/ml)、50 nm양화려조(50 mg/ml)、13 nm양화려조(50 mg/ml).균채용적비방식이10 μl/차,3차/d,염독지자서출생,채용생이학지표、반사화감각공능시험、내력실험、Morris수미궁、정위도항、광장실험등방법검측자서적신경발육정황.결과 출생후28 d,13 nm립경양화려염독조체중[(16.73±4.04)g]명현저우용제대조조[(20.45±2.50)g],차이유통계학의의(P＜0.01)；여용제대조조[(4.45±0.50)d]상비,13 nm양화려조장이천수[(4.91±0.78)d]연지,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.01),여용제대조조출아천수[(10.05±0.23)d]비,기타각조출아지표도출현연지,기중납미탄조[(10.32±0.48)d]、미미립경려조[(10.75±0.45)d]、50 nm립경양화려조[(10.32±0.47)d]、13 nm립경양화려조[(10.79±0.49)d],차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).반사화감각공능방면:재출생후제4천화제7천측시적현애회피실험중,여용제대조조상비기여각조현애회피체표솔균유불동정도적강저(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).내력측시방면:재출생후12d화14 d측시적상대우용제대조조,납미탄조、50 nm립경양화려조、13 nm양화려조자서전치현괘시간감소,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Morris수미궁、정위도항시험:재정위도항시험중,13 nm립경양화려조련속5d잠복기여용제대조조비교유증가,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05)；천월평태적차수방면여용제대조조상비,기타조천월차수감소,차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).광장실험방면:여용제대조조상비,납미탄조여13 nm립경양화려조적참립차수감소(P＜0.05),여용제대조조상비교기타각조적수식차수균감소(P＜0.01).결론 잉기폭로13 nm립경양화려회대자서적생리발육、조기행위발육산생억제작용；대자대대뇌학습기억능력,급기대신이배경적괄응능력산생억제；재내력실험、직립차수방면수착납미양화려립경적감소기대자서적발육독성증대.
Objective To observe the effects of maternal exposure to nano-alumina during pregnancy on the neurodevelopment in offspring mice.Methods Female ICR mice began to be exposed to nano-alumina 10 d before mating,and the nano-alumina exposure lasted till offspring mice were born.All the female mice were randomly divided into 5 groups:solvent control group (saline),nano-carbon group (11.76 mg/ml),microalumina group (50 mg/ml),50 nm alumina group (50 mg/ml),and 13 nm alumina group (50 mg/ml).All the mice were treated by nasal drip (10 μl/time) 3 times daily till offspring mice were born.Physiological indices,reflex and sensory function test,endurance test,Morris water maze test,positioning and navigation test,and open field test were used to evaluate the neurodevelopment of newborn mice.Results On day 28,the body weight of 13 nm alumina group (16.73±4.04 g) was significantly lower than that of solvent control group (20.45±2.50 g)(P＜0.01); the 13 nm alumina group had significantly delayed time to ear opening compared with the solvent control group (4.91±0.78 d vs 4.45±0.50 d,P＜0.01); compared with the solvent control group,the nano-carbon group,micro-alumina group,50 nm alumina group,and 13 nm alumina group had significantly delayed time to eruption of teeth (10.05±0.23 d vs 10.32±0.48 d,10.75±0.45 d,10.32±0.47 d,and 10.79±0.49 d,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).On days 4 and 7 after birth,compared with the solvent control group,other groups had significantly decreased proportions of mice which passed the cliff avoidance test (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).On days 12 and 14 after birth,compared with the solvent control group,the nano-carbon group,50 nm alumina group,and 13 nm alumina group had significantly reduced pre-suspension time in the endurance test (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The Morris water maze and positioning and navigation tests showed that the 13 nm alumina group had a significantly increased 5 d incubation period compared with the solvent control group (P＜0.05); compared with the solvent control group,other groups had significantly reduced numbers of platform crossings (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The open field test showed that the nano-carbon group and 13 nm alumina group had reduced numbers of rearings compared with the solvent control group (P＜0.05); compared with the solvent control group,other groups had significantly reduced numbers of modifications (P＜0.01).Conclusion Maternal exposure to nano-alumina (13 nm) during pregnancy has inhibitory effects on the physical development and early behavioral development in newborn mice and can also inhibit the learning and memory abilities and adaptability to new environment in offspring mice.The neurodevelopmental toxicity of nano-alumina to newborn mice increases as the particle sizes of nano-alumina decrease,which has been demonstrated by the endurance test and number of rearings.
