CAJ | 학술논문

陕北石油产区气候敏感，自然环境恶劣，是我国生态建设重点区。近年来化石能源的大力开采导致当地本来脆弱生态环境发生了显著的变化。为准确对石油产区近年来生态环境变化情况进行定量研究，文章选取陕北石油产出重地靖边县为例，运用生态足迹模型对其2001~2008年的生态足迹变化进行了计算分析。结果表明，8年内全县生态承载力下降了0.223hm2，生态足迹增加了15.775hm2，生态赤字增加了16.0hm2，生态压力指数增长近6.5倍。对6种生态生产性土地的生态赤字/盈余的计算表明，除了林地和水域有少量生态盈余之外，耕地、草地、化石能源地和建筑用地均存在不同程度的生态赤字。同时得出，石油开采是造成靖边县生态赤字的最主要影响因素，2008年石油开采生态赤字已占当年总生态赤字32.5%。大量的化石能源开发使得靖边县生态已处于严重不可持续发展状态。
협북석유산구기후민감，자연배경악렬，시아국생태건설중점구。근년래화석능원적대력개채도치당지본래취약생태배경발생료현저적변화。위준학대석유산구근년래생태배경변화정황진행정량연구，문장선취협북석유산출중지정변현위례，운용생태족적모형대기2001~2008년적생태족적변화진행료계산분석。결과표명，8년내전현생태승재력하강료0.223hm2，생태족적증가료15.775hm2，생태적자증가료16.0hm2，생태압력지수증장근6.5배。대6충생태생산성토지적생태적자/영여적계산표명，제료임지화수역유소량생태영여지외，경지、초지、화석능원지화건축용지균존재불동정도적생태적자。동시득출，석유개채시조성정변현생태적자적최주요영향인소，2008년석유개채생태적자이점당년총생태적자32.5%。대량적화석능원개발사득정변현생태이처우엄중불가지속발전상태。
Oildom of northern Shaanxi is one of the key area for ecological construction and oil exploitation in China. It have the sensitive climate and scurviness scurviness. Recently ,the entiron-ment have changed a lot since the vigorously fossil energy mining. In order to evaluate quantitatively the ecological changes of oil-dom in recent years, the research used ecological footprint model to calculate the biocapacity, ecological footprint and ecological deficit/surplus of Jingbian,Shanbei in 2001~2008. Results showed that the biocapacity decreased 0.223hm2, the ecological footprint increased 15.775hm2 and the ecological deficit increased 16.0hm2 from 2001 to 2008. The ecological tension index in 2008 is 6.5 times than 2001.The analysis of 6 types of ecologically productive land's ecological deficit/surplus indicated that forest land and water area have ecological surpluses. While the cultivated land, grass land, fossil energy land and building land have different degrees of ecological deficits. The oil exploitation is the main influence factor causing the ecological deficit,which accounts for 32.5% of total deficit in 2008. Therefore, Jingbian County has been in a serious unsustainable development state and great atten-tion should be paid to it's eco-environmental construction.