CAJ | 학술논문

胚拯救技术在拯救败育胚、阻止胚早期退化和培育新三倍体及多倍体等种质资源方面具有重要作用。植物胚拯救方法主要有3种：胚的活体转移、胚的活体培养及胚的离体培养。在植物胚的离体培养过程中，依据需拯救的植物胚胎发育程度，建立了离体子房培养、胚珠培养和幼胚培养3种培养方式。大量研究结果表明，胚龄、培养基种类及相态、培养条件、渗透压、生长调节剂、外源添加剂和基因型等均会影响植物胚拯救的成败，因而胚拯救技术作为传统育种方法的辅助手段，在突破拯救的胚龄极限、提高植株再生率等方面还有进一步发展的空间。此外，结合胚拯救技术和分子生物学的研究手段，有望通过遗传转化稳定不同特性的新种质，创新植物种质资源。
배증구기술재증구패육배、조지배조기퇴화화배육신삼배체급다배체등충질자원방면구유중요작용。식물배증구방법주요유3충：배적활체전이、배적활체배양급배적리체배양。재식물배적리체배양과정중，의거수증구적식물배태발육정도，건립료리체자방배양、배주배양화유배배양3충배양방식。대량연구결과표명，배령、배양기충류급상태、배양조건、삼투압、생장조절제、외원첨가제화기인형등균회영향식물배증구적성패，인이배증구기술작위전통육충방법적보조수단，재돌파증구적배령겁한、제고식주재생솔등방면환유진일보발전적공간。차외，결합배증구기술화분자생물학적연구수단，유망통과유전전화은정불동특성적신충질，창신식물충질자원。
Embryo rescue techniques play an important role in saving abortive embryos, preventing embryo degeneration at early development stage and developing new triploid and polyploid. There were three main methods of plant embryo rescue:in vivo embryo transfer, embryo in vivo culture and embryo in vitro culture. In the process of plant embryo in vitro culture,according to the development degree of the plant embryo which was needed to save, three training modes were set up,that is, in vitro ovary culture, ovule culture and immature embryo culture. A plenty of researches have been shown that embryo age, medium and medium phase, culture conditions, osmotic pressure, growth regulator, comple-mentary materials, genotype and so on, played a great role in the success of embryo rescue. Therefore, embryo rescue techniques as an adjunct to conventional breeding methods will have further room for improvement in such aspects as em-bryonic age limit and plant regeneration rate. In addition, combining embryo rescue techniques with molecular biological research methods, genetic transformation is expected to stabilize different characteristics of the new germplasm, and in-novate the plant resources.