河南科技学院学报（社会科学版）
河南科技學院學報（社會科學版）
하남과기학원학보（사회과학판）
JOURNAL OF HENAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY(SOCIAL SCIENCES EDITION)
2014年
8期
28-33
,共6页
农村学校%教育资源%布局调整
農村學校%教育資源%佈跼調整
농촌학교%교육자원%포국조정
rural schools%educational resources%layout adjustment
农村学校布局调整从20世纪80年代开始，尤其是进入20世纪以后调整力度逐渐加大。但由于在撤并过程中出现了一些比较突出的问题，所以国家在2012年又进一步规范了农村义务教育学校布局调整工作。通过对周口市M县农村学校布局调整现状的调查发现：学校总数和学生人数呈现减少趋势；县城与乡镇的学校数量和学生人数分别呈现增加与减少趋势；公办与民办的学校数量和学生人数分别呈现减少与增加趋势。研究认为，农村初中布局调整已基本结束并且比较合适，农村小学仍然存在学校数量较多、学生人数较少、教学质量不高、教师压力较大等问题。为更加有效地规范和推进农村小学布局调整工作，需要把握以下几方面：态度要积极，步子要稳妥；加强农村寄宿制学校规范化建设，努力改善办学条件；整合教师队伍，合理调配教师资源。
農村學校佈跼調整從20世紀80年代開始，尤其是進入20世紀以後調整力度逐漸加大。但由于在撤併過程中齣現瞭一些比較突齣的問題，所以國傢在2012年又進一步規範瞭農村義務教育學校佈跼調整工作。通過對週口市M縣農村學校佈跼調整現狀的調查髮現：學校總數和學生人數呈現減少趨勢；縣城與鄉鎮的學校數量和學生人數分彆呈現增加與減少趨勢；公辦與民辦的學校數量和學生人數分彆呈現減少與增加趨勢。研究認為，農村初中佈跼調整已基本結束併且比較閤適，農村小學仍然存在學校數量較多、學生人數較少、教學質量不高、教師壓力較大等問題。為更加有效地規範和推進農村小學佈跼調整工作，需要把握以下幾方麵：態度要積極，步子要穩妥；加彊農村寄宿製學校規範化建設，努力改善辦學條件；整閤教師隊伍，閤理調配教師資源。
농촌학교포국조정종20세기80년대개시，우기시진입20세기이후조정력도축점가대。단유우재철병과정중출현료일사비교돌출적문제，소이국가재2012년우진일보규범료농촌의무교육학교포국조정공작。통과대주구시M현농촌학교포국조정현상적조사발현：학교총수화학생인수정현감소추세；현성여향진적학교수량화학생인수분별정현증가여감소추세；공판여민판적학교수량화학생인수분별정현감소여증가추세。연구인위，농촌초중포국조정이기본결속병차비교합괄，농촌소학잉연존재학교수량교다、학생인수교소、교학질량불고、교사압력교대등문제。위경가유효지규범화추진농촌소학포국조정공작，수요파악이하궤방면：태도요적겁，보자요은타；가강농촌기숙제학교규범화건설，노력개선판학조건；정합교사대오，합리조배교사자원。
The layout adjustment of rural schools initiated from the 1980s,and has been gradually increased from the beginning of the 20th century.However,some prominent problems appeared in the process of mergence and split ,so our country further standardized the layout adjustment of rural compulsory schools in 2012 .By a survey of the pres-ent status of the layout adjustment of rural schools in county M ,the paper finds that:the total number of schools and students tend to be decreasing;the total number of schools and students in counties and towns tend to be increasing and decreasing respectively;the number of schools and students in public schools and private schools tend to be de-creasing and increasing respectively .This study suggests that the layout adjustment of rural junior middle school has been completed and is fairly appropriate ,and there are still some problems in rural primary schools ,such as more schools and less students ,poor teaching quality ,and great pressure of teachers ,etc.To regulate and promote the lay-out adjustment of rural primary school more effectively , the following aspects should be taken into consideration:paying attention to a positive attitude and seasoned implementation;strengthening the construction of rural boarding schools standardization;improving school conditions by every efforts;integrating teacher team and reasonably alloca-ting teacher resources .
