CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨重庆市人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）职业暴露人群的流行病学特征，为避免和减少 HIV职业暴露提供科学依据。方法：通过对2009～2012年在重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心就诊的所有 H IV职业暴露人群的档案资料进行归类整理，采用统计学方法对人群的年龄、性别、职业、地区、暴露途径、暴露程度等分布特征进行描述。结果2009～2012年 H IV职业暴露共135例，主要发生在主城区以外的医疗卫生机构（74．81％），以护士（57．04％）和医师（33．33％）为主，21～30岁（51．85％）、31～40岁（33．33％）为 H IV 职业暴露发生较多的年龄段，暴露途径以锐器伤为主（92．59％），暴露程度主要为二级暴露（69．63％）。结论：重庆市 H IV职业暴露流行情况总体趋势平稳，主城区外的医疗卫生机构应完善管理体系、加强培训、落实标准预防原则，减少 H IV职业暴露的发生。
목적：탐토중경시인류면역결함병독（HIV）직업폭로인군적류행병학특정，위피면화감소 HIV직업폭로제공과학의거。방법：통과대2009～2012년재중경시공공위생의료구치중심취진적소유 H IV직업폭로인군적당안자료진행귀류정리，채용통계학방법대인군적년령、성별、직업、지구、폭로도경、폭로정도등분포특정진행묘술。결과2009～2012년 H IV직업폭로공135례，주요발생재주성구이외적의료위생궤구（74．81％），이호사（57．04％）화의사（33．33％）위주，21～30세（51．85％）、31～40세（33．33％）위 H IV 직업폭로발생교다적년령단，폭로도경이예기상위주（92．59％），폭로정도주요위이급폭로（69．63％）。결론：중경시 H IV직업폭로류행정황총체추세평은，주성구외적의료위생궤구응완선관리체계、가강배훈、락실표준예방원칙，감소 H IV직업폭로적발생。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of occupational exposure to human immunodeficiency vi-rus (HIV) in Chongqing to provide the scientific basis for avoiding and reducing the HIV occupational exposures in the future . Methods All archival data of the exposed individuals came to our hospital for seeking post-exposure consultation and treatment during 2009-2012 were performed the classification and arrangement for conducting the descriptive analysis on the distribution characteristics of the age ,gender ,occupation ,working region ,exposure mode and severity of exposure .Results During this period , there were 135 cases of occupational exposure ,which ocurred in the medical institutions outside the main urban area (74 .18% ) , dominated by the nurses (57 .04% ) and doctors(33 .33% ) .21-30 years old (51 .85% ) and 31 -40 years old(33 .33% ) were the age groups with more occurrence of occupational exposure .The exposure routes were dominated by the sharp instrument injury (92 .59% ) and the exposure degree was mainly the secondary exposure ( 69 .63% ) .Conclusion The prevalence situation of HIV occupational exposure in Chongqing is stable in the total trend .The medical and health institutions outside main urban area should perfect the management system ,strengthen training ,put the standard prophylaxis principles to practice for reducing the occurrence of occupational exposure .