CAJ | 학술논문

为了研究土壤水分变化对河南地区夏玉米耗水特性及水分利用效率的影响，通过2年测坑试验，选择土壤含水率作为灌水下限控制指标对比分析了水分胁迫条件下夏玉米不同生育阶段的耗水量、耗水强度、产量及其构成因素和水分利用效率(WUE)的变化。结果显示，两季夏玉米的穗长和穗粗的处理间极差分别为2.86 cm和0.46 cm，灌浆期严重亏水不利于其果穗发育；夏玉米的穗行数基本不受土壤水分影响，其穗长、穗粗、穗粒数和百粒重随水分胁迫程度的加剧呈下降趋势，其中各重旱处理的果穗总是最短最细，其百粒重、穗粒数和籽粒产量也总是最低。夏玉米的产量与耗水量间呈良好的二次函数关系，当耗水量为538.9 mm时产量可达到最高。各生育阶段内不同程度的水分亏缺都会使夏玉米的总耗水量降低，其中轻旱处理的阶段耗水量和日耗水强度较对照处理均小幅降低，WUE则有所增加，各中旱处理的水分利用效率总是最大。
위료연구토양수분변화대하남지구하옥미모수특성급수분이용효솔적영향，통과2년측갱시험，선택토양함수솔작위관수하한공제지표대비분석료수분협박조건하하옥미불동생육계단적모수량、모수강도、산량급기구성인소화수분이용효솔(WUE)적변화。결과현시，량계하옥미적수장화수조적처리간겁차분별위2.86 cm화0.46 cm，관장기엄중우수불리우기과수발육；하옥미적수행수기본불수토양수분영향，기수장、수조、수립수화백립중수수분협박정도적가극정하강추세，기중각중한처리적과수총시최단최세，기백립중、수립수화자립산량야총시최저。하옥미적산량여모수량간정량호적이차함수관계，당모수량위538.9 mm시산량가체도최고。각생육계단내불동정도적수분우결도회사하옥미적총모수량강저，기중경한처리적계단모수량화일모수강도교대조처리균소폭강저，WUE칙유소증가，각중한처리적수분이용효솔총시최대。
This study aimed at investigating the effects of soil moisture variation on water consumption characteristics and water use efficiency of summer maize in Henan Province. Two-year pot experiments were conducted to study the variation of water consumption, daily water consumption intensity, grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of summer maize by choose soil moisture as irrigation control indicator. The results showed that the treatments range of maize ear length and ear diameter was 2.86 cm and 0.46 cm, respectively, but the severe drought at filling stage would significantly inhibit the ear development in summer maize. The ear rows of summer maize were substantially independent by soil moisture, however, its ear length, ear diameter, kernel number and 100-kernel weight decreased with the deepening of drought stress. The ear characters of summer maize was always worst at the processing of severe drought on each growth stage, its 100-kernel weight, kernel number and grain yield were also the lowest. The relationship between grain yield and water consumption could be described by quadratic function, and the highest grain yield obtained at the water consumption of 538.9 mm. The total water consumption was also decreased with the deepening of drought stress at each growing stage. The stage water consumption and daily water consumption intensity of light drought treatment were slightly lower than control, but its WUE was increased. Compared with other treatments, WUE of medium drought stress was the highest.