CAJ | 학술논문

为探究生物操纵光倒刺(Spinibarbus hollandi)控制大型丝状藻水绵藻华的有效性及安全性，研究了鲃不同密度下(0、26、52、104 g/m3)光倒刺对试验环境中水绵、轮叶黑藻、金鱼藻的摄食状况及对水质的影鲃响，通过显微观察初步分析该鱼对水绵的摄食消化机制，进一步探究该鱼对摄食生物不同生长期的摄食偏好。结果表明：光倒刺在低密度(26 g/m3)下，可高强度摄食水绵，且对3种水生植物的摄食选择性为：水鲃绵>轮叶黑藻>金鱼藻；光倒刺对两种生长时期的水绵均大量摄食，且喜食危害较大的成熟水绵，而对轮鲃叶黑藻幼嫩叶片无显著摄食；其对水绵的消化机制与咽喉齿的机械破碎密切有关；在“鱼-草”共生条件下，各处理组营养盐出现先增后降的趋势，低密度组(26 g/m3)21d后， NH3-N、NO3?-N、PO4?-P均低于其初始水平；光倒刺难以对浮游微藻产生滤食作用及前期营养盐上升，导致各处理组中叶绿素 a较对照组(0 g/m3)均显著上升。预期在轮叶黑藻、金鱼藻等沉水植物为主的人工湖泊城市水景及水产养殖中，较低密度投放该鱼，可有效控制水绵泛滥，并兼顾水质，但在浮游微藻易暴发的水域中，不适于单一运用该鱼。鲃
위탐구생물조종광도자(Spinibarbus hollandi)공제대형사상조수면조화적유효성급안전성，연구료파불동밀도하(0、26、52、104 g/m3)광도자대시험배경중수면、륜협흑조、금어조적섭식상황급대수질적영파향，통과현미관찰초보분석해어대수면적섭식소화궤제，진일보탐구해어대섭식생물불동생장기적섭식편호。결과표명：광도자재저밀도(26 g/m3)하，가고강도섭식수면，차대3충수생식물적섭식선택성위：수파면>륜협흑조>금어조；광도자대량충생장시기적수면균대량섭식，차희식위해교대적성숙수면，이대륜파협흑조유눈협편무현저섭식；기대수면적소화궤제여인후치적궤계파쇄밀절유관；재“어-초”공생조건하，각처리조영양염출현선증후강적추세，저밀도조(26 g/m3)21d후， NH3-N、NO3?-N、PO4?-P균저우기초시수평；광도자난이대부유미조산생려식작용급전기영양염상승，도치각처리조중협록소 a교대조조(0 g/m3)균현저상승。예기재륜협흑조、금어조등침수식물위주적인공호박성시수경급수산양식중，교저밀도투방해어，가유효공제수면범람，병겸고수질，단재부유미조역폭발적수역중，불괄우단일운용해어。파
The research on the feeding preference of Spinibarbus hollandi with gradient density (0, 26, 52, 104 g/m3) to Spirogyra, Hydrilla verticillata and Ceratophyllum demersum and effect on water quality were carried out to study the feasibility and safety of the biomanipulation of controlling Spirogyra by S. hollandi. Moreover, the grazing preference of the fish to Spirogyra and H. verticillata in different growth stages were also carried out and the intestinal contents have been microscopically observed. The result showed that S. hollandi significantly reduced the biomass of Spirogyra in the low density (26 g/m3) and feeding preference was:Spirogyra>H. verticillata>C. demersum. The fish prefer eat-ing mature Spirogyra which has more harmful to environment and were harmless for young leaves of H. verticillata (stems<6). The digestion mechanism is related to mechanical crushing with pharyngeal tooth. The nutrient of treatments were raised and then decreased due to the fish-grass symbiotic system, NH3-N, NO3?-N and PO4?-P of the low density (26 g/m3) were lower than the initial concentration after 21d, But the chl-a of all treatments were much higher than the con-trol (0 g/m3) after 21d. It expected that the appropriate low density is more useful in the application, which could effec-tively control Spirogyra and be harmless to water quality, but the single application of the fish could not be suitable in the aquatorium where micro phytoplankton boom frequently happen.