CAJ | 학술논문

本文以欧空局300m土地覆盖数据集为基础，参考20世纪70年代至2005年2期蒙古高原遥感影像，建立20世纪70年代、2005年2期土地利用及动态数据库，结合土地利用变化数量模型，分析了蒙古国与内蒙古的土地利用类型转换情况。对比分析蒙古国和内蒙古近30年来的土地利用变化强度及各地类间的转移变化，揭示2个区域的LUCC分异规律，并对土地变化的驱动力进行分析。结果显示：在自然条件及人类扰动共同作用下，蒙古国及内蒙古均表现出草地面积逐年减少，草地退化趋势明显；裸地面积不断增加，沙漠化现象严重；农田及城镇建设用地面积持续增长；水域面积呈现衰减；未利用地是其他各种土地利用类型增加的主要来源；由于人类扰动差异，蒙古国林地面积略有减少，内蒙古林地面积大幅增加。气候干暖化、人口增长，政策及社会经济发展等是驱动蒙古高原土地利用变化的主要因素。
본문이구공국300m토지복개수거집위기출，삼고20세기70년대지2005년2기몽고고원요감영상，건립20세기70년대、2005년2기토지이용급동태수거고，결합토지이용변화수량모형，분석료몽고국여내몽고적토지이용류형전환정황。대비분석몽고국화내몽고근30년래적토지이용변화강도급각지류간적전이변화，게시2개구역적LUCC분이규률，병대토지변화적구동력진행분석。결과현시：재자연조건급인류우동공동작용하，몽고국급내몽고균표현출초지면적축년감소，초지퇴화추세명현；라지면적불단증가，사막화현상엄중；농전급성진건설용지면적지속증장；수역면적정현쇠감；미이용지시기타각충토지이용류형증가적주요래원；유우인류우동차이，몽고국임지면적략유감소，내몽고임지면적대폭증가。기후간난화、인구증장，정책급사회경제발전등시구동몽고고원토지이용변화적주요인소。
LUCC is a hot and difficult topic in the research of global change. Through the Mongolia Plateau LUCC research,we aimed to provide scientific and technological support for the upgrading of the regional land use structure and sustainable development. Based on EOA 300m land cover datasets,with reference to the re-mote sensing images in 1970s and 2005 of Mongolia Plateau,we established 1970s and 2005 land use dynamic database and used land use amount models(such as land use changes degree,land use change dynamic degree, land use change consumption reduction degree and land use change development degree)to analyze the process of land use type conversation between the Republic of Mongolia and Inner Mongolia,reveal the regional land use change characteristics and regularity,predict various land use types change,and analysis the land change driving force. The results are as follows:the grassland area decreased year by year,grassland degradation trend is evident;bare land area increases ceaselessly,the desertification phenomenon is serious;farmland and urban construction land area continue to grow;water area presenting an attenuation trend;unused land is the primary source of a variety of other types of land use increasing;forest land area of the Republic Mongolia slightly re-duced,while Inner Mongolia forest land area increased significantly. Considering the special geographical envi-ronment and the influence of national policy of the Mongolia Plateau,especially the environmental protection policy and the rapid economical development in recent years,land use changes would become very complex. The dynamic changes of land use of Mongolia Plateau were mainly caused by climate drying and warming,poli-cy change,economic development,population growth and so on. Natural factors determine the regional charac-teristics of land use pattern that main land use types are grassland and bare land in the Mongolia Plateau. Human factors determined the difference in land use dynamic change between Republic of Mongolia and Inner Mongo-lia over the past 30 years.