CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解重庆市某县农村1～6岁儿童二类疫苗接种率并探索其影响因素。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取重庆市1个县600名和1个区374名1～6岁儿童作为研究对象，用χ2检验比较农村和城市儿童二类疫苗接种率的差别，并用Logistic作影响因素分析。结果农村和城市儿童至少接种过1种二类疫苗的比例分别为46.8％和63.1％（χ2＝624.4，P＜0.01）。且6种二类疫苗，城市儿童的接种率均高于农村儿童（P＜0.01）。其中轮状病毒疫苗和水痘疫苗接种率的差别最大，城市儿童比农村儿童分别高出28.5％和26.7％，7价肺炎球菌结合疫苗接种率的差别最小，城市儿童仅比农村儿童高2.7％。多因素分析显示，儿童近半年内生病次数、分娩方式、医生技术和在医院等待时间是影响农村儿童二类疫苗接种率的主要因素。结论农村儿童的二类疫苗接种率明显低于城市儿童，接种率主要受孩子健康状况和卫生服务提供的影响。
목적료해중경시모현농촌1～6세인동이류역묘접충솔병탐색기영향인소。방법채용수궤정군추양적방법추취중경시1개현600명화1개구374명1～6세인동작위연구대상，용χ2검험비교농촌화성시인동이류역묘접충솔적차별，병용Logistic작영향인소분석。결과농촌화성시인동지소접충과1충이류역묘적비례분별위46.8％화63.1％（χ2＝624.4，P＜0.01）。차6충이류역묘，성시인동적접충솔균고우농촌인동（P＜0.01）。기중륜상병독역묘화수두역묘접충솔적차별최대，성시인동비농촌인동분별고출28.5％화26.7％，7개폐염구균결합역묘접충솔적차별최소，성시인동부비농촌인동고2.7％。다인소분석현시，인동근반년내생병차수、분면방식、의생기술화재의원등대시간시영향농촌인동이류역묘접충솔적주요인소。결론농촌인동적이류역묘접충솔명현저우성시인동，접충솔주요수해자건강상황화위생복무제공적영향。
Objective To learn about the immunization status of extra expanded program of immunization (EPI) Vaccines among rural children aged 1 -6 years old in a county of Chongqing,and explore the influencing factors.Method 600 children aged 1 -6 years from 10 villages of one rural district and 374 from 7 communities of one urban district were cho-sen as the subjects.χ2 test was used to compare the difference of the immunization rate of extra EPI Vaccines between rural and urban children,and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The immunization rate of extra EPI Vaccines among rural children and urban children were 46.8%and 63.1%respectively (χ2 =624.4,P<0.01 ).For all of the 6 vaccines,the immunization rates of urban children were higher than that of rural children (P<0.01). The biggest difference in the rates between urban and rural children was found in Rotavirus Vaccine and Varicella Zoster Vaccine, 28.5% and 26.7% higher in urban children,and the smallest difference was found in 7 valented Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine,2.7% higher in urban children.Multivariate analysis results showed that gender,illness in the past 6 month, methods of delivery,doctors’skills and waiting time were the main influencing factors of immunization rate of extra EPI Vaccines among rural children. Conclusion The immunization rate of extra EPI Vaccines in rural children is much lower than in urban children.And the most important influencing factors are the health status of children and the provision of health service.