CAJ | 학술논문

沙漠地区生态系统非常脆弱，地下水的开采应以不破坏现有的生态平衡为前提。文章以塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘桑株河流域为例，在数值模型的基础上，根据作物、植被正常生长与地下水水位埋深的关系，通过定义极限水位附加降深，探讨了绿洲灌区对地下水开采的约束作用。结果表明，若水源地运行仅以地下水可开采量为约束条件，运行20a后将引起乔达灌区与木吉灌区的水位附加降深值分别达7.5、5.6m，远大于极限水位附加降深值3．0m，从而致使作物减产、植被枯死。因此，应以现有绿洲灌区的正常生长为约束条件，制定相应的地下水开发利用方案。
사막지구생태계통비상취약，지하수적개채응이불파배현유적생태평형위전제。문장이탑극랍마간사막남연상주하류역위례，재수치모형적기출상，근거작물、식피정상생장여지하수수위매심적관계，통과정의겁한수위부가강심，탐토료록주관구대지하수개채적약속작용。결과표명，약수원지운행부이지하수가개채량위약속조건，운행20a후장인기교체관구여목길관구적수위부가강심치분별체7.5、5.6m，원대우겁한수위부가강심치3．0m，종이치사작물감산、식피고사。인차，응이현유록주관구적정상생장위약속조건，제정상응적지하수개발이용방안。
T he ecological system is very fragile in desert area ,and the ecological balance should not be damaged by groundwater exploitation .Based on the numerical simulation model of an oasis irrigation area located in Sangzhu Basin ,Taklimakan Desert ,the limit additional groundwater level drawdown is defined according to the relationship between vegetation and groundwater depth .Then the restriction effect of oasis irrigation on groundwater exploitation is discussed .The results show that under the condition of groundwater allowable withdrawal ,the groundwater level drawdowns in Qiaoda and Muji irrigation areas are 7.5 m and 5.6 m respectively ,after twenty years of the operation of the well field . Such drawdowns are much larger than the limit additional groundwater level drawdown of 3 .0 m , which may result in crop yield reduction and vegetation wilt .Therefore ,the groundwater exploitation scheme should be designed considering the constraint of limit additional groundwater level drawdown .