农业工程学报
農業工程學報
농업공정학보
2013年
20期
168-178
,共11页
单立楠%丁能飞%王洪才%连煦%刘意立%何云峰
單立楠%丁能飛%王洪纔%連煦%劉意立%何雲峰
단립남%정능비%왕홍재%련후%류의립%하운봉
污染%生态%工程%蔬菜种植%生态拦截
汙染%生態%工程%蔬菜種植%生態攔截
오염%생태%공정%소채충식%생태란절
pollution%ecology%engineering%vegetable field%ecological interception
针对蔬菜种植业面源污染日益严重的现状，该文选取浙江省太湖流域典型的蔬菜集约化种植区为研究对象，以因地制宜、实用高效、维护便捷、成本合理为原则，在研究区域构建了农田生态沟渠-生态消纳塘水肥一体化-过滤型主排水渠生态拦截系统，并对拦截系统效果进行综合分析研究，探索高效实用的农田面源污染生态拦截技术。结果表明，与2010年相比，工程建成运行后2011年、2012年总氮去除率分别达33%～52%、43%～67%，总磷去除率达23%～59%、43%～82%，在雨季6-9月间，去除效果最佳，且2012年效果优于2011年。该系统有效削减了菜地废水氮、磷等营养元素的排放，达到改善水质、美化景观、提升经济的综合效果，为蔬菜种植区面源污染控制提供技术工程示范，具有典型的推广应用价值。该文可为农田面源污染拦截技术研究及应用提供参考。
針對蔬菜種植業麵源汙染日益嚴重的現狀，該文選取浙江省太湖流域典型的蔬菜集約化種植區為研究對象，以因地製宜、實用高效、維護便捷、成本閤理為原則，在研究區域構建瞭農田生態溝渠-生態消納塘水肥一體化-過濾型主排水渠生態攔截繫統，併對攔截繫統效果進行綜閤分析研究，探索高效實用的農田麵源汙染生態攔截技術。結果錶明，與2010年相比，工程建成運行後2011年、2012年總氮去除率分彆達33%～52%、43%～67%，總燐去除率達23%～59%、43%～82%，在雨季6-9月間，去除效果最佳，且2012年效果優于2011年。該繫統有效削減瞭菜地廢水氮、燐等營養元素的排放，達到改善水質、美化景觀、提升經濟的綜閤效果，為蔬菜種植區麵源汙染控製提供技術工程示範，具有典型的推廣應用價值。該文可為農田麵源汙染攔截技術研究及應用提供參攷。
침대소채충식업면원오염일익엄중적현상，해문선취절강성태호류역전형적소채집약화충식구위연구대상，이인지제의、실용고효、유호편첩、성본합리위원칙，재연구구역구건료농전생태구거-생태소납당수비일체화-과려형주배수거생태란절계통，병대란절계통효과진행종합분석연구，탐색고효실용적농전면원오염생태란절기술。결과표명，여2010년상비，공정건성운행후2011년、2012년총담거제솔분별체33%～52%、43%～67%，총린거제솔체23%～59%、43%～82%，재우계6-9월간，거제효과최가，차2012년효과우우2011년。해계통유효삭감료채지폐수담、린등영양원소적배방，체도개선수질、미화경관、제승경제적종합효과，위소채충식구면원오염공제제공기술공정시범，구유전형적추엄응용개치。해문가위농전면원오염란절기술연구급응용제공삼고。
The ever-worsening problem of non-point source pollution has plagued vegetable industries worldwide. This study attempts to tackle this problem using an ecological interception system in Taihu basin, Zhejiang province, to examine the effects of removal of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) from the effluents of vegetable fields. The system consisted of ecological ditches with filtration apparatus optimized for location, efficiency, and cost control. Construction of the system started in September 2010 and was completed and put into operation in April 2011. The results showed total-N removal rates of 79.75% and 88.86% in July 2011 and July 2012 respectively, which were 2.47 and 3.02 times the controls for the same years. The total-P removals in July 2011 and July 2012 were 86.74%and 96.35%respectively, which were 2.39 and 2.84 times of the controls for the same years. Compared to 2010, the total-N and total-P concentrations in the effluents in 2011 and 2012 were significantly reduced with total-N concentrations at 2.23-5.91 and 1.51-4.62 mg/L respectively and total-P concentrations 0.33-1.39 and 0.14-0.97 mg/L, respectively. The overall removals of nitrogen in 2011 and 2012 were 33%-52%and 43%-67%respectively and phosphorous 23%-59%and 43%-82%respectively. The removals were the highest during the rainy season June through September and higher in 2012 than in 2011. Not only did the project fully improve absorption and interception of nitrogen and phosphorus and other nutrients from vegetable waste water, it also extended the hydraulic retention time, reduced the emission load of vegetable waste water, and increased cycle utilization rate of vegetable wastewater. As a proof of concept, the project was a huge success, showing promising results not only for wastewater treatment but also landscape beautification and economic benefits for the region. There is no denying the important practical significance of exploring environmentally friendly high-efficiency systems for ecological agricultural uses.
