CAJ | 학술논문

为了进一步研究氮肥减量后移对玉米生理性状和产量的影响，以‘郑单958’为试材设置5个处理：不施氮(N0)、习惯施氮(N300/2)、减量施氮(N240/2)、减量后移施氮(N240/3)、减量后移施氮(N200/3)，完全随机区组设计，3次重复，种植密度75000株/hm2。结果表明，氮肥减量处理(N240/2)与习惯施氮处理(N300/2)相比叶片SPAD值、PN及产量均有所降低，Dualex值则有所增加，但差异并不显著，减量施氮在生产上应切实可行的；减量后移施氮处理(N240/3)与习惯施氮处理(N300/2)和减量施氮处理(N240/2)在出苗后30天和45天的叶片SPAD值、光合速率及产量也均有所降低，Dualex值则有所增加，表现差异也并不显著，但与减量后移施氮(N200/3)差异显著。减量后移施氮(N240/3)与习惯施氮处理(N300/2)、减量施氮处理(N240/2)和减量后移施氮(N200/3)在出苗后60天和75天的叶片 SPAD 值、光合速率及产量均有所增加，Dualex值则有所降低，表现差异显著。氮肥减量后移(N240/3)处理的玉米植株氮素不但能满足于玉米生长的营养需求、降低投入、提高氮素利用率且产量也得到提高。
위료진일보연구담비감량후이대옥미생이성상화산량적영향，이‘정단958’위시재설치5개처리：불시담(N0)、습관시담(N300/2)、감량시담(N240/2)、감량후이시담(N240/3)、감량후이시담(N200/3)，완전수궤구조설계，3차중복，충식밀도75000주/hm2。결과표명，담비감량처리(N240/2)여습관시담처리(N300/2)상비협편SPAD치、PN급산량균유소강저，Dualex치칙유소증가，단차이병불현저，감량시담재생산상응절실가행적；감량후이시담처리(N240/3)여습관시담처리(N300/2)화감량시담처리(N240/2)재출묘후30천화45천적협편SPAD치、광합속솔급산량야균유소강저，Dualex치칙유소증가，표현차이야병불현저，단여감량후이시담(N200/3)차이현저。감량후이시담(N240/3)여습관시담처리(N300/2)、감량시담처리(N240/2)화감량후이시담(N200/3)재출묘후60천화75천적협편 SPAD 치、광합속솔급산량균유소증가，Dualex치칙유소강저，표현차이현저。담비감량후이(N240/3)처리적옥미식주담소불단능만족우옥미생장적영양수구、강저투입、제고담소이용솔차산량야득도제고。
An experiment, with‘Zhengdan 958’as the trial material, was carried out for further study on the effect of reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization on the yield and physiological properties of corn, in which five ways of nitrogen fertilization - no nitrogen fertilization (N0), habitual nitrogen fertilization (N300/2), reducing nitrogen fertilization (N240/2), reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N240/3), reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N200/3) were applied with complete randomized block design, three times repetition, planting density being 75000/hm2. The results showed that: compared with habitual nitrogen fertilization (N300/2), reducing nitrogen fertilization (N240/2) made the SPAD value of the blade, PN and the yield of the corn all reduced while the Dualex value increased; the difference being insignificant, which suggested that reducing nitrogen fertilization should be practical in production; compared with habitual nitrogen fertilization (N300/2) and reducing nitrogen fertilization (N240/2), reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N240/3) made the SPAD value and the photosynthetic rate of the blade after 30 days and 45 days of sprouting as well as the yield of the corn all reduced too, while the value of Dualex had a certain increase, the difference being insignificant as well while its difference from reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N200/3) being significant; compared with habitual nitrogen fertilization (N300/2), reducing nitrogen fertilization (N240/2), and reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N200/3), reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N240/3) made the SPAD value and the photosynthetic rate of the blade after 60 days and 75 days of sprouting as well as the yield of the corn all increased while the value of Dualex had a certain decrease, the difference being significant; corn plant nitrogen by way of reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N240/3) could not only meet the demand of nutrition for corn growth, reduce the investment, and improve the yield of the corn as well as nitrogen use efficiency.