中国农学通报
中國農學通報
중국농학통보
CHINESE AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE BULLETIN
2013年
24期
109-113
,共5页
徐竹英%程建和%郝跃红%张丽
徐竹英%程建和%郝躍紅%張麗
서죽영%정건화%학약홍%장려
稳定性长效氮肥%普通氯化铵%春玉米%产量%氮肥利用效率
穩定性長效氮肥%普通氯化銨%春玉米%產量%氮肥利用效率
은정성장효담비%보통록화안%춘옥미%산량%담비이용효솔
stable long-acting nitrogen fertilizer%ordinary ammonium chloride%spring maize%yield%nitrogen use efficiency
为探索氯化铵与稳定性长效氯化铵在延长肥效，提高作物产量和较少或免去追肥等方面的作用，以稳定性长效氯化铵为材料，对其在山西榆次春玉米的产量与效益进行了研究。试验结果表明：在施入农民习惯施肥量时，与普通氯化铵相比，长效氯化铵通过改善产量构成因素显著增加玉米产量1132 kg/hm2，增加经济效益2804元/hm2，总吸氮量、氮肥利用率和氮肥农学效率分别提高了80.44 kg/hm2、33.52%和4.72 kg/kg；施氮量减少10%的长效氯化铵处理仍可与普通氯化铵常规施肥处理的玉米产量相当，并可增加经济效益308元/hm2，且总吸氮量、氮肥利用率和氮肥农学效率均有所提高；施氮量减少15%的长效氯化铵会使产量显著降低。综合经济效益和生态效益，可将稳定性长效氮肥减施10%作为当地推荐的施肥量。
為探索氯化銨與穩定性長效氯化銨在延長肥效，提高作物產量和較少或免去追肥等方麵的作用，以穩定性長效氯化銨為材料，對其在山西榆次春玉米的產量與效益進行瞭研究。試驗結果錶明：在施入農民習慣施肥量時，與普通氯化銨相比，長效氯化銨通過改善產量構成因素顯著增加玉米產量1132 kg/hm2，增加經濟效益2804元/hm2，總吸氮量、氮肥利用率和氮肥農學效率分彆提高瞭80.44 kg/hm2、33.52%和4.72 kg/kg；施氮量減少10%的長效氯化銨處理仍可與普通氯化銨常規施肥處理的玉米產量相噹，併可增加經濟效益308元/hm2，且總吸氮量、氮肥利用率和氮肥農學效率均有所提高；施氮量減少15%的長效氯化銨會使產量顯著降低。綜閤經濟效益和生態效益，可將穩定性長效氮肥減施10%作為噹地推薦的施肥量。
위탐색록화안여은정성장효록화안재연장비효，제고작물산량화교소혹면거추비등방면적작용，이은정성장효록화안위재료，대기재산서유차춘옥미적산량여효익진행료연구。시험결과표명：재시입농민습관시비량시，여보통록화안상비，장효록화안통과개선산량구성인소현저증가옥미산량1132 kg/hm2，증가경제효익2804원/hm2，총흡담량、담비이용솔화담비농학효솔분별제고료80.44 kg/hm2、33.52%화4.72 kg/kg；시담량감소10%적장효록화안처리잉가여보통록화안상규시비처리적옥미산량상당，병가증가경제효익308원/hm2，차총흡담량、담비이용솔화담비농학효솔균유소제고；시담량감소15%적장효록화안회사산량현저강저。종합경제효익화생태효익，가장은정성장효담비감시10%작위당지추천적시비량。
With the stable long-acting nitrogen fertilizer as the material of the experiment, the effect on the yield and efficiency of spring maize was studied in Yuci, Shanxi Province to explore the role of the long-acting ammonium chloride in prolonging fertilizer efficiency, improving crop yields and reducing the topdressing times. The results showed that, when the farmers’conventional amount of fertilizer was applied the long-acting ammonium chloride significantly increased maize yield of 1132 kg/hm2 by improving yield components, increased economic benefit of 2804 yuan/hm2, and total nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency and agronomic efficiency respectively enhanced by 80.44 kg/hm2, 33.52% and 4.72 kg/kg compared with the treatment of ordinary ammonium chloride of conventional amount. The maize yield of the treatment that 90% of the amount of long-acting ammonium chloride fertilizer was applied had no significant difference with the yield of ammonium chloride of conventional fertilization, and could increase economic benefit of 308 yuan/hm2, and total nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency and agronomic efficiency were also improved while the maize yield of the treatment that 85% of the amount of long-acting ammonium chloride fertilizer was applied made the yield significantly reduced. Taking economic and ecological benefits into account, 90% of the amount of long-acting nitrogen fertilizer could be served as the recommended amount of fertilizer in spring maize of the local.
