CAJ | 학술논문

采用纯培养法从大曲中分离得到了2株产色素微生物。产红色素菌株A是一个与玫瑰红微球菌亲缘关系较近的革兰氏阳性球菌。有所不同的是，产红色素菌株A的耐热性更好，既能产淀粉酶又能产蛋白酶，还可以产生吲哚。在以葡萄糖作为碳源的查氏培养基上，32℃培养3～5 d，可产生大量的红色素。分子鉴定显示，菌株A与地衣芽孢杆菌的16S rRNA序列相似性超过了99%，而与微球菌的16S rRNA序列却有较大的差异。综合形态、生理和DNA特征，可以将菌株A鉴定为芽孢八叠球菌。产黄色素菌株B属于黄曲霉，具有较强的淀粉水解能力和较好的耐乙醇和耐酸性能力，在pH值为7.5的马铃薯液体培养基中摇床培养，可产生曲香。色素微生物对认识大曲颜色成因和改进制曲工艺具有重要意义。
채용순배양법종대곡중분리득도료2주산색소미생물。산홍색소균주A시일개여매괴홍미구균친연관계교근적혁란씨양성구균。유소불동적시，산홍색소균주A적내열성경호，기능산정분매우능산단백매，환가이산생신타。재이포도당작위탄원적사씨배양기상，32℃배양3～5 d，가산생대량적홍색소。분자감정현시，균주A여지의아포간균적16S rRNA서렬상사성초과료99%，이여미구균적16S rRNA서렬각유교대적차이。종합형태、생리화DNA특정，가이장균주A감정위아포팔첩구균。산황색소균주B속우황곡매，구유교강적정분수해능력화교호적내을순화내산성능력，재pH치위7.5적마령서액체배양기중요상배양，가산생곡향。색소미생물대인식대곡안색성인화개진제곡공예구유중요의의。
In this study, two pigment-producing strains were isolated from Daqu by pure cultivation. Red pigment-producing Strain A is a kind of gram-positive cocci similar to Micrococcus roseus, but it shows greater heat resistance than Micrococcus roseus, and it can produce amylase, pro-tease and indole. Cultured in Czapek medium for 3~5 days at 32℃, Strain A can produce large amounts of red pigment. Molecular identification showed that the similarity between the 16S rRNA sequence of Strain A and that of Bacillus licheniformis was more than 99%, while there were large differences between the 16S rRNA sequence of Strain A and that of Micrococcus roseus. Comprehensively considering the morphological, physiological and DNA characteristics, Strain A was identified as Bacillus sarcina. Yellow pigment-producing Strain B is a type of Aspergillus flavus, which has high starch hydrolysis ability and good ethanol and acid resistance. Cultured in liquid potato medium at pH 7.5, Strain B can produce Daqu flavour. The results of our study is of great importance to the understanding of the sources of the colours of Daqu, and to the im-provement of Daqu-making techniques. (Tran. by HUANG Xiaoli).