CAJ | 학술논문

莫高窟第3窟是敦煌石窟的代表窟之一，窟内南北壁千手千眼观音经变突出的线描艺术，是敦煌艺术中的奇葩。对于该窟的时代，以敦煌研究院为代表的学界一致认为是元代。但近来不断有学者提出质疑，提出西夏说。经过我们仔细的考察研究，对持元说主要证据---窟内史小玉题记作了辨析，结合窟内壁画内容及其艺术风格特征，联系敦煌石窟元代和西夏时期的洞窟营建等时代特征，通过详细地比较分析，结果表明莫高窟第3窟实为西夏时期的洞窟，而非元窟。
막고굴제3굴시돈황석굴적대표굴지일，굴내남북벽천수천안관음경변돌출적선묘예술，시돈황예술중적기파。대우해굴적시대，이돈황연구원위대표적학계일치인위시원대。단근래불단유학자제출질의，제출서하설。경과아문자세적고찰연구，대지원설주요증거---굴내사소옥제기작료변석，결합굴내벽화내용급기예술풍격특정，련계돈황석굴원대화서하시기적동굴영건등시대특정，통과상세지비교분석，결과표명막고굴제3굴실위서하시기적동굴，이비원굴。
Mogao Cave 3 is representative of Dunhuang caves. The thousand-armed and thousand-eyed Avalokite?vara illustrations on both north and south walls give prominence to the art of line drawing, in which Dunhuang art excels. Cave 3 is generally considered to be constructed in the Yuan dynasty, mainly by scholars from Dunhuang Academy. Recently, scholars have gradually put forth their opinions on the construction date of Cave 3, arguing it dates back to Western Xia. This study carefully examined the inscription left by Shi Xiaoyu in Cave 3, the main evidence for its construction in the Yuan dynasty, considered the contents and artistic styles and features of the murals inside Cave 3, comparatively studied the different features of both Western Xia and Yuan dynasty caves, and finally came to the conclusion that Cave 3 at the Mogao Grottoes was constructed in the Western Xia instead of the Yuan dynasty.