CAJ | 학술논문

对我国明代的雹灾史料进行整理和分类，构建了明代雹灾数据库，并根据冰雹的大小和造成的危害程度进行等级划分。利用统计等方法揭示明代雹灾的时间特征和频次规律；通过明代各省区行政区划图展示不同等级雹灾的空间分布特征。结果表明：我国明代共有1970次雹灾发生，可分为3种不同的等级，其中2级雹灾最多；明代的雹灾具有明显的阶段性和季节性特征，雹灾多集中于明代的中后期且多发于春、夏季节，秋季较少，冬季最少；在空间分布上，明代雹灾多集中于东部，西部少，中部不多，南北少，不同省区雹灾的季节分布也不同。这些研究结论可为雹灾的预测、预防提供历史背景。
대아국명대적박재사료진행정리화분류，구건료명대박재수거고，병근거빙박적대소화조성적위해정도진행등급화분。이용통계등방법게시명대박재적시간특정화빈차규률；통과명대각성구행정구화도전시불동등급박재적공간분포특정。결과표명：아국명대공유1970차박재발생，가분위3충불동적등급，기중2급박재최다；명대적박재구유명현적계단성화계절성특정，박재다집중우명대적중후기차다발우춘、하계절，추계교소，동계최소；재공간분포상，명대박재다집중우동부，서부소，중부불다，남북소，불동성구박재적계절분포야불동。저사연구결론가위박재적예측、예방제공역사배경。
This paper carries on the arrangement and classification of historical materials on hail disasters during the Ming Dynasty of China, builds a database of hail disasters, and grades the hail disasters according to the size and harm of hail. Firstly, it reveals the regularity of time distribution and frequency of hail in the Ming Dynasty by using the methods of statistics;Secondly, it shows the distribution of different grades of hail disasters on the administrative division map of the Ming Dynasty. The results indicate that: There were 1970 times of hail disasters that occurred in the Ming Dynasty; The hail disasters can be classified into three grades, in which the most was the second grade of hail disasters;Hail disasters in the Ming Dynasty had obvious phased and seasonal characteristics;Hail disasters more happened in the middle and later periods of the Ming Dynasty, more in spring and summer, less in autumn, and the least in winter;The disasters mostly were distributed in the eastern regions, less in the western, not so much in the central, also less in the northern and southern regions; In different provinces the seasonal distribution was different. It is believed that the results could provide a reliable historical background for prediction and prevention of the future hail disasters.