农业环境与发展
農業環境與髮展
농업배경여발전
AGRO-ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT
2013年
5期
31-35
,共5页
张国云%郭晋%王定忠%毕生斌%周新惟%马柱芳
張國雲%郭晉%王定忠%畢生斌%週新惟%馬柱芳
장국운%곽진%왕정충%필생빈%주신유%마주방
土壤肥力%土壤重金属%污染指数法%绿色食品
土壤肥力%土壤重金屬%汙染指數法%綠色食品
토양비력%토양중금속%오염지수법%록색식품
soil fertility%heavy metals in soil%pollution index method%green food
为揭示滇西地区土壤环境质量状况，以陇川县为例，参照《绿色食品产地环境技术条件》，对耕地土壤pH值、有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾营养元素含量及重金属元素铅、镉、汞、砷、铬、铜总量进行测定分析。采用标准对比法、单因子污染指数法和Nemero综合污染指数法，对其土壤环境质量进行了评价。结果表明，研究区土壤pH值介于3.49~7.45之间，均值为5.05，土壤偏酸；各营养元素平均值中有机质、全氮、速效磷含量为优良，速效钾含量为中等，有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别有64.17%、59.34%、75.33%、71.66%的耕地面积达到生产绿色食品土壤肥力要求，分别有35.83%、40.66%、24.67%、28.34%的面积土壤肥力不足；采用单因子污染指数法对土壤重金属评价，砷、铬、铜处于清洁状态；有20.27%、2.03%、4.73%的样本铅、镉、汞单因子污染指数大于1，所代表的面积受到铅、镉、汞轻度污染，镉有1.35%样本单因子污染指数大于2，所代表的面积受到镉中度污染；综合污染指数评价，4.79%样本达到轻度污染。
為揭示滇西地區土壤環境質量狀況，以隴川縣為例，參照《綠色食品產地環境技術條件》，對耕地土壤pH值、有機質、全氮、速效燐、速效鉀營養元素含量及重金屬元素鉛、鎘、汞、砷、鉻、銅總量進行測定分析。採用標準對比法、單因子汙染指數法和Nemero綜閤汙染指數法，對其土壤環境質量進行瞭評價。結果錶明，研究區土壤pH值介于3.49~7.45之間，均值為5.05，土壤偏痠；各營養元素平均值中有機質、全氮、速效燐含量為優良，速效鉀含量為中等，有機質、全氮、速效燐、速效鉀含量分彆有64.17%、59.34%、75.33%、71.66%的耕地麵積達到生產綠色食品土壤肥力要求，分彆有35.83%、40.66%、24.67%、28.34%的麵積土壤肥力不足；採用單因子汙染指數法對土壤重金屬評價，砷、鉻、銅處于清潔狀態；有20.27%、2.03%、4.73%的樣本鉛、鎘、汞單因子汙染指數大于1，所代錶的麵積受到鉛、鎘、汞輕度汙染，鎘有1.35%樣本單因子汙染指數大于2，所代錶的麵積受到鎘中度汙染；綜閤汙染指數評價，4.79%樣本達到輕度汙染。
위게시전서지구토양배경질량상황，이롱천현위례，삼조《록색식품산지배경기술조건》，대경지토양pH치、유궤질、전담、속효린、속효갑영양원소함량급중금속원소연、력、홍、신、락、동총량진행측정분석。채용표준대비법、단인자오염지수법화Nemero종합오염지수법，대기토양배경질량진행료평개。결과표명，연구구토양pH치개우3.49~7.45지간，균치위5.05，토양편산；각영양원소평균치중유궤질、전담、속효린함량위우량，속효갑함량위중등，유궤질、전담、속효린、속효갑함량분별유64.17%、59.34%、75.33%、71.66%적경지면적체도생산록색식품토양비력요구，분별유35.83%、40.66%、24.67%、28.34%적면적토양비력불족；채용단인자오염지수법대토양중금속평개，신、락、동처우청길상태；유20.27%、2.03%、4.73%적양본연、력、홍단인자오염지수대우1，소대표적면적수도연、력、홍경도오염，력유1.35%양본단인자오염지수대우2，소대표적면적수도력중도오염；종합오염지수평개，4.79%양본체도경도오염。
In order to reveal the status of the quality of soil environment in the western area of Yunnan Province, Taking Longchuan County as an example, refering to"green food producing area environment technical specifications", soil pH value, organic matter, total nitrogen, avail-able phosphorus, available potassium content of nutrient elements and heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, chromium, copper volume were measured and analyzed. Using the standard comparison method, the method of single factor pollution index and compre-hensive pollution index method of Nemero, the soil environmental quality was evaluated. The results showed that, the soil pH ranged from 3.49 to 7.45, the mean value was 5.05,with acid soil nutrient elements. The average value of organic matter, total nitrogen, available phospho-rus content was high, the content of rapidly available potassium was medium. Organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium content were 64.17%, 59.34%, 75.33%, 71.66%of the area of cultivated land respectively, which was agree to produce green food soil fertility requirements, and 35.83%, 40.66%, 24.67%, 28.34%of the area was of poor soil fertility respectively. Assessing the heavy metals in soil by using the single factor pollution index method, arsenic, chromium, copper was in a clean state,lead, cadmium, mercury single factor pollution index was 20.27%, 2.03%, 4.73%higher than 1, which represented the lead, cadmium, mercury as light pollution. There was 1.35%sample cadmium single factor pollution index greater than 2,which represented the cadmium pollution as medium. Comprehensive pollution index evaluation showed that there was 4.79%samples reached the light pollution standard.
