CAJ | 학술논문

为了对山西南部夏玉米区氮肥的高效利用提供理论依据，采用田间定位试验，应用氮素实时监控技术研究了目标产量为7.5 t·hm-2时夏玉米优化施氮量。结果表明，与农户习惯施氮量相比，优化的氮用量大幅减少，3年累积减少氮肥投入491 kg·hm-2。由于氮素实时监控技术对夏玉米进行了氮素的分期调控，使得氮素供应能够满足夏玉米全生育期的需求，最终产量较农户习惯增加6.3%，增收1418元·hm-2，同时，氮肥的利用效率、农学利用率以及偏生产力显著提高，而土体硝态氮的累积与淋洗则大幅下降，降低了对环境污染的风险。
위료대산서남부하옥미구담비적고효이용제공이론의거，채용전간정위시험，응용담소실시감공기술연구료목표산량위7.5 t·hm-2시하옥미우화시담량。결과표명，여농호습관시담량상비，우화적담용량대폭감소，3년루적감소담비투입491 kg·hm-2。유우담소실시감공기술대하옥미진행료담소적분기조공，사득담소공응능구만족하옥미전생육기적수구，최종산량교농호습관증가6.3%，증수1418원·hm-2，동시，담비적이용효솔、농학이용솔이급편생산력현저제고，이토체초태담적루적여림세칙대폭하강，강저료대배경오염적풍험。
The field experiment was conducted to research the effect of real-time N management on the grain yield of summer maize and ni-trogen efficiency in order to supply theoretic basis for nitrogen optimal management in south of Shanxi Province. The results clearly showed that optimal N rates were significantly lower than farmer's practice. The amounts of 3-year accumulative saving N fertilizer were 491 kg·hm-2. Compared with farmer's practice, the grain yield of optimal N rate increased by 6.3%, and the incomes 1 418 yuan·hm-2 due to the coherence of N supply and N demand. Moreover, N recovery efficiency, N agronomic efficiency, and N partial factor productivity of optimal N treatment were significantly increased and the nitrate accumulation and leaching were obviously reduced.