CAJ | 학술논문

通过3年定位试验，采用静态箱/气相色谱法对壤质草甸土区玉米生产进行了全生长季N2O排放通量的观测，分析了不同施氮方式对N2O排放总量、排放系数和玉米产量的影响。结果表明：减少氮肥用量20%的缓控释肥处理与秸秆还田配化肥处理产量居高，而且二者间差异不显著；秸秆还田促进了农田土壤N2O排放，使得秸秆还田配化肥处理的年均N2O季节排放总量最高，达到1.50 kg N·hm-2；年均N2O季节排放总量与施肥量之间相关系数达到了0.97；随着试验年限的增加，N2O-N季节排放系数受施肥量的影响逐年增加，相关系数从2009年的-0.015增加到2011年的0.624。因此不同施氮方式对N2O季节排放的影响需要通过多年定位来准确把握，同时在研究农田N2O-N季节排放时要适当考虑植株生长过程中N2O的排放。兼顾产量和减排2个因素，建议推广缓控释肥的减量施用。
통과3년정위시험，채용정태상/기상색보법대양질초전토구옥미생산진행료전생장계N2O배방통량적관측，분석료불동시담방식대N2O배방총량、배방계수화옥미산량적영향。결과표명：감소담비용량20%적완공석비처리여갈간환전배화비처리산량거고，이차이자간차이불현저；갈간환전촉진료농전토양N2O배방，사득갈간환전배화비처리적년균N2O계절배방총량최고，체도1.50 kg N·hm-2；년균N2O계절배방총량여시비량지간상관계수체도료0.97；수착시험년한적증가，N2O-N계절배방계수수시비량적영향축년증가，상관계수종2009년적-0.015증가도2011년적0.624。인차불동시담방식대N2O계절배방적영향수요통과다년정위래준학파악，동시재연구농전N2O-N계절배방시요괄당고필식주생장과정중N2O적배방。겸고산량화감배2개인소，건의추엄완공석비적감량시용。
Manual static opaque chamber/gas chromatography was used to measure the growing seasonal fluxes of nitrous oxide(N2O)of maize in a 3-year field experiment. The effects of no nitrogen fertilization(CK), traditional fertilization(FP), optimized N fertilization(OPT), optimized N fertilization with straw returning(OPTS)and control-released fertilization(CRF)on inter-annual maize yield, seasonal total N2O fluxes and N2O emission factors(EF)from loamy meadow soil were investigated. The results showed that maize yields of CRF and OPTS were similar, which were all higher than those of CK, FP, OPT treatments. Straw returning increased N2O emissions and the average N2O emission peak within 3 years of OPTS was up to 1.50 kg N·hm-2. Nitrogen fertilization amount and seasonal total N2O fluxes were significant correlated with an R2 of 0.97. Correlation coefficient between EF and nitrogen fertilization amount increased from-0.015 to 0.624 within 3 years. There-fore, the study on farmland N2O-N emission could be accurate by long-term monitoring and should be appropriate to consider the plant N2O-N emission. With attention to both yield and N2O-N emission reduction, reduced application of controlled-release fertilization was recom-mended.