城市交通
城市交通
성시교통
URBAN TRANSPORT OF CHINA
2013年
5期
82-95
,共14页
David King(著)%Michael Manville(著)%Donald Shoup(著)%李潭峰(译)
David King(著)%Michael Manville(著)%Donald Shoup(著)%李潭峰(譯)
David King(저)%Michael Manville(저)%Donald Shoup(저)%리담봉(역)
拥挤收费%政治可行性
擁擠收費%政治可行性
옹제수비%정치가행성
Congestion tolls%Political feasibility
通过收费缓解交通拥堵的政治可行性取决于谁获得通行费收入。指出如果收益被分配给城市，特别是高速公路经过的城市，拥挤收费取得政治成功的可能性最大。与已有的很多建议不同，指出城市是比个体驾驶人和区域政府更有力的收益申索人。基于行为经济学和政治科学理论并结合几个大都市区的数据，对提议进行解析和阐述。在洛杉矶，潜在的拥挤收费收入估计每年接近50亿美元，将这些收入分配至高速公路经过的城市对拥挤收费的实施是有政治影响力和促进作用的。
通過收費緩解交通擁堵的政治可行性取決于誰穫得通行費收入。指齣如果收益被分配給城市，特彆是高速公路經過的城市，擁擠收費取得政治成功的可能性最大。與已有的很多建議不同，指齣城市是比箇體駕駛人和區域政府更有力的收益申索人。基于行為經濟學和政治科學理論併結閤幾箇大都市區的數據，對提議進行解析和闡述。在洛杉磯，潛在的擁擠收費收入估計每年接近50億美元，將這些收入分配至高速公路經過的城市對擁擠收費的實施是有政治影響力和促進作用的。
통과수비완해교통옹도적정치가행성취결우수획득통행비수입。지출여과수익피분배급성시，특별시고속공로경과적성시，옹제수비취득정치성공적가능성최대。여이유적흔다건의불동，지출성시시비개체가사인화구역정부경유력적수익신색인。기우행위경제학화정치과학이론병결합궤개대도시구적수거，대제의진행해석화천술。재락삼기，잠재적옹제수비수입고계매년접근50억미원，장저사수입분배지고속공로경과적성시대옹제수비적실시시유정치영향력화촉진작용적。
The political feasibility of using prices to mitigate congestion depends on who receives the toll revenue. We argue that congestion pricing on freeways will have the greatest chance of political success if the revenue is distributed to cities, and par-ticularly to cities through which the freeways pass. In contrast to a number of previous proposals, we argue that cities are stronger claimants for the revenue than either individual drivers or region-al authorities. We draw on theory from behavioral economics and political science to explain our proposal, and illustrate it with da-ta from several metropolitan areas. In Los Angeles, where poten-tial congestion toll revenues are estimated to be almost$5 billion a year, distributing toll revenues to cities with freeways could be politically effective and highly progressive.
