CAJ | 학술논문

目的：采用中文版CAREY儿童气质问卷（ Behavioral style questionnaire，BSQ）对乌市托幼机构的3～7岁儿童气质进行评估分析。方法按分层随机选取乌鲁木齐市有代表性的12家托幼机构，用3～7岁儿童BSQ进行气质测查，按族别、年龄、性别进行统计学分析。结果3～7岁儿童的气质特点存在民族、性别及年龄差异，比较维吾尔族与汉族儿童的气质差异，反应强度的气质维度有显著性差异（t＝2．563，P＜0．05）。性别差异：男生活动水平较女生高（t＝3．118，P＜0．05），女生趋避性较男生倾向退缩（t＝-2．021，P＜0．05），女生反应强度较男生更加强烈（t＝-2．016，P＜0．05），女生反应阈较男生低（t＝-3．213， P＜0．05，差异具有统计学意义。年龄差异：活动水平、坚持性、节律性、注意分散度四个维度有差异（ F值分别为7．363、6．451、2．612、4．725，均P＜0．05）。活动水平和反应阈两个气质维度的发展具有相对的稳定性，其它维度则易受环境的影响，具有一定的可塑性。随着年龄增长，儿童气质特点趋向积极方向发展。结论入托幼园所是儿童期的重大生活事件，会导致部分气质维度出现一定程度的改变。幼教工作者应重视初入园儿童的气质评估工作，针对每位儿童独特的气质特点，实施与之相适应的教育方式，保证儿童的心理健康发展，塑造良好个性。
목적：채용중문판CAREY인동기질문권（ Behavioral style questionnaire，BSQ）대오시탁유궤구적3～7세인동기질진행평고분석。방법안분층수궤선취오로목제시유대표성적12가탁유궤구，용3～7세인동BSQ진행기질측사，안족별、년령、성별진행통계학분석。결과3～7세인동적기질특점존재민족、성별급년령차이，비교유오이족여한족인동적기질차이，반응강도적기질유도유현저성차이（t＝2．563，P＜0．05）。성별차이：남생활동수평교녀생고（t＝3．118，P＜0．05），녀생추피성교남생경향퇴축（t＝-2．021，P＜0．05），녀생반응강도교남생경가강렬（t＝-2．016，P＜0．05），녀생반응역교남생저（t＝-3．213， P＜0．05，차이구유통계학의의。년령차이：활동수평、견지성、절률성、주의분산도사개유도유차이（ F치분별위7．363、6．451、2．612、4．725，균P＜0．05）。활동수평화반응역량개기질유도적발전구유상대적은정성，기타유도칙역수배경적영향，구유일정적가소성。수착년령증장，인동기질특점추향적겁방향발전。결론입탁유완소시인동기적중대생활사건，회도치부분기질유도출현일정정도적개변。유교공작자응중시초입완인동적기질평고공작，침대매위인동독특적기질특점，실시여지상괄응적교육방식，보증인동적심리건강발전，소조량호개성。
Objective To evaluate the temperament of 3-7 years old children in Urumqi nursery institutions with Chinese version CAREY children behavioral style questionnaire ( BSQ).Methods Stratified sampling was used to select 12 representative nursery institutions in Urumqi, and BSQ for 3-7 years old children was used to test temperament .The results were analyzed in terms of nation , age and sex . Results There were differences in the aspects of nations , age and gender .Activity level and reaction threshold were relatively stable , while other dimensions were vulnerable to the influence of the environment with certain plasticity .As children grow, their temperament characteristics tended to be positive .Conclusion Entering nursery institution is a major event , which will cause certain changes of dimensions of temperament .The educator should put emphasis on temperament evaluation for newly entering children .They should provide education according to children ’ s temperament so as to ensure healthy psychology and good personality .