CAJ | 학술논문

地形因素与土地利用变化的关系研究是土地利用/覆被变化研究的重要内容。该文以环京津贫困带为研究区，选取1985年、1995年、2000年和2010年Landsat TM影像为数据源，运用地学图谱分析法，从地形起伏度、坡度变率、坡向和地形位角度，系统分析了环京津贫困带土地利用变化的地形梯度特征，探讨了土地利用变化的地形梯度效应及其成因。结果表明：1）1985-2010年环京津贫困带土地利用类型分布呈现明显的层级性。耕地、水域和建设用地的优势分布区集中于低地形梯度区，草地优势分布区集中于中高、高地形梯度区，林地和未利用地优势分布区集中于高地形梯度区。2）研究区土地利用变化以稳定型图谱和反复变化型图谱为主，林地、耕地和草地是主要的土地利用类型，林地向耕地转换再又转换为林地是反复变化型图谱的主要类别。1985-2000年人地矛盾突出，土地利用变化以“林地-耕地”、“草地-耕地”和“未利用地-耕地”为主，耕地向较高地形梯度区扩展；2000年后社会经济发展和退耕还林政策的实施，土地利用变化以“耕地-建设用地”、“耕地-林地”和“草地-林地”为主，耕地在原优势地形位的优势度增大、草地和未利用地的优势分布区向更高级地形位集中，林地优势分布区向较低地形位扩张。3）土地利用变化地形梯度分布特征及分异效应是自然因素、社会经济因素和政策因素共同作用的结果，自然因素是基础，社会经济因素和政策因素是重要推动力。该文为研究区土地利用动态优化配置和生态环境建设提供了科学依据和决策支持。
지형인소여토지이용변화적관계연구시토지이용/복피변화연구적중요내용。해문이배경진빈곤대위연구구，선취1985년、1995년、2000년화2010년Landsat TM영상위수거원，운용지학도보분석법，종지형기복도、파도변솔、파향화지형위각도，계통분석료배경진빈곤대토지이용변화적지형제도특정，탐토료토지이용변화적지형제도효응급기성인。결과표명：1）1985-2010년배경진빈곤대토지이용류형분포정현명현적층급성。경지、수역화건설용지적우세분포구집중우저지형제도구，초지우세분포구집중우중고、고지형제도구，임지화미이용지우세분포구집중우고지형제도구。2）연구구토지이용변화이은정형도보화반복변화형도보위주，임지、경지화초지시주요적토지이용류형，임지향경지전환재우전환위임지시반복변화형도보적주요유별。1985-2000년인지모순돌출，토지이용변화이“임지-경지”、“초지-경지”화“미이용지-경지”위주，경지향교고지형제도구확전；2000년후사회경제발전화퇴경환림정책적실시，토지이용변화이“경지-건설용지”、“경지-임지”화“초지-임지”위주，경지재원우세지형위적우세도증대、초지화미이용지적우세분포구향경고급지형위집중，임지우세분포구향교저지형위확장。3）토지이용변화지형제도분포특정급분이효응시자연인소、사회경제인소화정책인소공동작용적결과，자연인소시기출，사회경제인소화정책인소시중요추동력。해문위연구구토지이용동태우화배치화생태배경건설제공료과학의거화결책지지。
Being the core of the study on global environment change and sustainable development, land use/cover change (LUCC) gains more and more attention. The pattern of land use and its spatial-temporal change plays an important role in the study on land use/cover change. As global environment deteriorates, the study on land use change and its driving forces becomes an important research subject in the field of land science. The relationship between terrain variables and land use has become an important part of land use/cover change. Based on the remote sensing data of TM images in 1985, 1995, 2000, and 2010, we took the poverty area around Beijing and Tianjin as an example to analyze the terrain gradient characteristics of land use change by geo-informatics map analysis. In order to provide some recommendations on land use planning and land use management, we also explored the impact of topography on the selection of land use pattern and the causes of the terrain gradient effect of land use change. The results showed that 1) From 1985 to 2010 the land use types mainly distributed on the area of terrain relief under 200 m as well as slope of slope (SOS)) less than 15°. During the past 25 years, arable land, forestland and grassland were the dominant land use types. The areas of arable land, grassland and unused land decreased constantly, while the areas of forestland and construction land increased gradually. 2) The hierarchy was shown obviously in the distribution of land use types along the terrain gradient in poverty area around Beijing and Tianjin. Arable land, water area, construction land mainly were distributed on the area of low terrain gradient. The grassland mainly was distributed on the area of medium and high terrain gradient, while forestland and unused land mainly covered the high terrain gradient. 3) The construction land was obviously confined by the terrain niche, which was mainly located in the low terrain gradient area. While arable land acted as the main resources for transforming to construction land in the same area, it expanded to higher terrain gradient area in order to make up the area occupied by the construction of infrastructure facilities. The forestland was well restored in the area of higher terrain gradient, which expanded to mid-high terrain gradient area with the project of returning arable land to forestland. In addition, the predominant distribution area of unused land and grassland became gradually diminished. 4) The terrain gradient effect of land use change was the result of comprehensive effect of natural, socio-economic and policy factors. The natural factors played a key role in the formation of the terrain gradient effect of land use change. Socio-economic factors and policy factors were important push-drivers, such as human migration, construction of infrastructure facilities, and the project of returning arable land to forestland. This research was important in easing the conflict between human and the surrounding environment, and it was meaningful to the sustainable development of land resources in order to keep the ecological balance of the studied region. The study provided some alternatives for the dynamic optimal allocation of land use and the construction of eco-environment of the poverty area around Beijing and Tianjin.