CAJ | 학술논문

土壤重金属污染已成为当今农业与环境领域关注的热点。为揭示紫湖溪流域重金属（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb和Zn）污染状况，该研究测定与分析了紫湖溪水体、河底淤泥和河岸土壤以及9种河岸植物的重金属含量，利用污染指数法系统评估其污染状况，进而筛选出具有富集与修复重金属污染潜力的植物。结果表明，紫湖溪水体中Cd与Mn严重超标；河底淤泥中Cd、Zn和Cu污染严重，重金属潜在生态风险：Zn＞Cd＞Cu＞Pb＞As＞Ni＞Cr＞Mn；河岸土壤受污水与底泥泛滥影响，土壤重金属间呈显著正相关性，其中，Cd、Zn 和 Cu重度污染；9种优势植物对重金属的选择性吸收导致其对Cd、Cr和Pb的富集系数（BCF，bioconcentration factor）偏低，转移系数（TF，translocation factor）均小于1，表现出根部囤积型特征。早熟禾、灰绿藜和枸杞对重金属的吸收具有抵抗性，湿地生态型植物水花生与猫爪草对富集重金属具有独特优势，构树对多种重金属较强的富集与转移能力暗示了该木本植物在重金属修复技术领域的巨大应用前景。
토양중금속오염이성위당금농업여배경영역관주적열점。위게시자호계류역중금속（As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Pb화Zn）오염상황，해연구측정여분석료자호계수체、하저어니화하안토양이급9충하안식물적중금속함량，이용오염지수법계통평고기오염상황，진이사선출구유부집여수복중금속오염잠력적식물。결과표명，자호계수체중Cd여Mn엄중초표；하저어니중Cd、Zn화Cu오염엄중，중금속잠재생태풍험：Zn＞Cd＞Cu＞Pb＞As＞Ni＞Cr＞Mn；하안토양수오수여저니범람영향，토양중금속간정현저정상관성，기중，Cd、Zn 화 Cu중도오염；9충우세식물대중금속적선택성흡수도치기대Cd、Cr화Pb적부집계수（BCF，bioconcentration factor）편저，전이계수（TF，translocation factor）균소우1，표현출근부돈적형특정。조숙화、회록려화구기대중금속적흡수구유저항성，습지생태형식물수화생여묘조초대부집중금속구유독특우세，구수대다충중금속교강적부집여전이능력암시료해목본식물재중금속수복기술영역적거대응용전경。
Heavy metal pollution in the soil of farmland is regarded as serious threats to agricultural production environment in China. Zihu River is located in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China. The source of Zihu River is the purple mountain, a famous local mountain. The pollution problem of Zihu River has aroused public concerns because of heavy metal contamination caused by sewage. To investigate and assess the situation of heavy metal pollution of Zihu River region, concentrations of heavy metals including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined and analyzed for brook water, the soil from river silt and riverbank, as well as for the riverbank plants of nine species. These species include Trifolium repens, Alternanthera philoxeroides, Chenopodium glaucum, Commelina communis, Ranunculus ternatus, Poa annua, Ligustrum lucidum, Lycium chinense, Broussonetia papyrifera. An assessment of heavy-metal contamination was conducted by means of pollution index (Pi). Such data may provide information for screening of heavy metal accumulator, and for phytoremediation of heavy metals. The results indicated that serious contamination of Cd and Mn was found in the brook water, the concentrations for Cd and Mn were 0.003 mg/L and 0.124 mg/L, respectively. Among the heavy metals in the soil from the river silt, contamination of Zn, Cd and Cu was serious based on the Pi values (18.89, 8.53 and 6.25, respectively), with the order of potential ecological risk as:Zn>Cd>Cu>Pb>As>Ni> Cr>Mn. Pearson correlation analysis showed a significantly (p < 0.05) positive correlation among concentrations of heavy metals in the riparian soil, which indicated that they were mainly polluted by sewage and silt. High concentrations of Cd, Zn and Cu were investigated from the soil of the riverbank based on the Pi values (3.68, 3.61 and 3.41, respectively). The bioconcentration factor (BFs) to Cd, Cr and Pb were quite lower among all the nine species due probably to the selective absorption of the plants. Because Pb is toxic to all plants, the transfer factors (TF) to Pb for all the nine species were typically less than 1. This meant that they were all compartment types to Pb. Plants growing on the sites with heavy metal pollution can gradually evolve into differentiated ecotypes based on the survey of plant population and the result of heavy metal concentration. Wetland ecotypes, Alternanthera philoxeroides and Ranunculus ternatus, have an advantage for accumulating of heavy metals. Poa annua, Chenopodium glaucum and Lycium chinense can resistant to absorption heavy metals. Broussonetia papyrifera, a species of woody plants, will play a great function in the field of phytoremediation for soils contaminated by heavy metals in the future due to its higher bioconcentration factor and transfer factor to some heavy metals, as well as its huge biomass. This case study also provided useful information for monitoring of heavy metals and phytoremediation of river systems contaminated among other cities.