华南农业大学学报
華南農業大學學報
화남농업대학학보
JOURNAL OF SOUTH CHINA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
2014年
3期
58-62
,共5页
桑松%王培丹%曹宇科%钟国华
桑鬆%王培丹%曹宇科%鐘國華
상송%왕배단%조우과%종국화
山坑螺%田螺%农药残留%生物监测%指示生物
山坑螺%田螺%農藥殘留%生物鑑測%指示生物
산갱라%전라%농약잔류%생물감측%지시생물
Margarya melanioides%Cipangopaludina chinensis%pesticide residue%biological monitor%indicator organism
【目的】明确山坑螺Margarya melanioides Nevill和田螺Cipangopaludina chinensis Gray对茶叶种植常用农药的敏感性，探究其作为指示生物监测茶园环境农药残留的可行性．【方法】采用静水生物毒性试验法测定6种茶园常用农药对山坑螺和田螺的致死中浓度（ LC50），分析比较山坑螺和田螺对供试农药的敏感程度．【结果和结论】敌敌畏、甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素、毒死蜱、草铵膦以及噻虫嗪对山坑螺48 h的 LC50值分别为0.0316、0.0052、0.1040、0.0486、14.4171、54.6359 mg· kg-1，对田螺48 h的LC50值分别为1.7112、0.0132、0.9171、1.5016、108.7553、119.0211 mg· kg -1，山坑螺对该6种农药的敏感程度分别是田螺的54.15、2.54、8.82、30.90、7.54和2.18倍．山坑螺比田螺对6种供试农药尤其是有机磷类农药（敌敌畏和毒死蜱）更加敏感，山坑螺对甲氰菊酯、敌敌畏和毒死蜱48 h的LC50值远低于我国以及欧盟规定的茶叶中最大残留限量值，具有作为茶园环境中有机磷类和拟除虫菊酯类农药残留监测指示生物的潜力．
【目的】明確山坑螺Margarya melanioides Nevill和田螺Cipangopaludina chinensis Gray對茶葉種植常用農藥的敏感性，探究其作為指示生物鑑測茶園環境農藥殘留的可行性．【方法】採用靜水生物毒性試驗法測定6種茶園常用農藥對山坑螺和田螺的緻死中濃度（ LC50），分析比較山坑螺和田螺對供試農藥的敏感程度．【結果和結論】敵敵畏、甲氰菊酯、阿維菌素、毒死蜱、草銨膦以及噻蟲嗪對山坑螺48 h的 LC50值分彆為0.0316、0.0052、0.1040、0.0486、14.4171、54.6359 mg· kg-1，對田螺48 h的LC50值分彆為1.7112、0.0132、0.9171、1.5016、108.7553、119.0211 mg· kg -1，山坑螺對該6種農藥的敏感程度分彆是田螺的54.15、2.54、8.82、30.90、7.54和2.18倍．山坑螺比田螺對6種供試農藥尤其是有機燐類農藥（敵敵畏和毒死蜱）更加敏感，山坑螺對甲氰菊酯、敵敵畏和毒死蜱48 h的LC50值遠低于我國以及歐盟規定的茶葉中最大殘留限量值，具有作為茶園環境中有機燐類和擬除蟲菊酯類農藥殘留鑑測指示生物的潛力．
【목적】명학산갱라Margarya melanioides Nevill화전라Cipangopaludina chinensis Gray대다협충식상용농약적민감성，탐구기작위지시생물감측다완배경농약잔류적가행성．【방법】채용정수생물독성시험법측정6충다완상용농약대산갱라화전라적치사중농도（ LC50），분석비교산갱라화전라대공시농약적민감정도．【결과화결론】활활외、갑청국지、아유균소、독사비、초안련이급새충진대산갱라48 h적 LC50치분별위0.0316、0.0052、0.1040、0.0486、14.4171、54.6359 mg· kg-1，대전라48 h적LC50치분별위1.7112、0.0132、0.9171、1.5016、108.7553、119.0211 mg· kg -1，산갱라대해6충농약적민감정도분별시전라적54.15、2.54、8.82、30.90、7.54화2.18배．산갱라비전라대6충공시농약우기시유궤린류농약（활활외화독사비）경가민감，산갱라대갑청국지、활활외화독사비48 h적LC50치원저우아국이급구맹규정적다협중최대잔류한량치，구유작위다완배경중유궤린류화의제충국지류농약잔류감측지시생물적잠력．
[Objective]To determine the sensitivity of Margarya melanioides and Cipangopaludina chinen-sis to pesticides used commonly in tea cultivation to explore the feasibility of Margarya melanioides and Cipangopaludina chinensis as the organisms to monitor pesticide residues in a tea garden .[Method]The lethal concentration 50 ( LC50 ) values of five insecticides and one herbicide to M.melanioides and C.chinensis were determined by static bioassay tests respectively .[Result and conclusion]The LC50 values of dichlorvos , fenpropathrin , abamectin , chlorpyrifos , glufosinate-ammonium and thiamethoxam to M.melanioides were 0.031 6, 0.005 2, 0.104 0,0.048 6, 14.417 1, 54.635 9 mg· kg -1 respectively, and to C.chinensis were 1.711 2, 0.013 2, 0.917 1, 1.501 6, 108.755 3, 119.021 1 mg· kg -1 respectively after 48 h treatment, which indicated that the sensitivity of M.melanioides to these pesticides were 54.15, 2.54, 8.82, 30.90, 7.54 and 2.18 times over C.chinensis, respectively.M.melanioides was more sensitive than C.chinensis to these six pesticides , especially to organophosphorus ( dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos).The LC50 values of dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos and fenpropathrin were far below the maxi-mum residue limit ( MRL) , which indicated that the tested M.melanioides might have the potential to be the indicator organism to monitor pyrethroids and organophosphorus insecticide residues in tea garden .
