CAJ | 학술논문

目的：比较济南城市中心区和边缘区居民高温健康脆弱性特征的差异，为制定适应措施提供科学依据。方法利用多阶段分层抽样方法在济南市环城高速内抽取8个社区（村）（中心区和边缘区），再采用偶遇抽样抽取≥16岁居民共801人，使用自行设计的调查问卷进行横断面调查，收集两地区居民有关高温健康脆弱性的健康医疗、社会联系、认知行为、经济情况、生活资源、居住环境及工作环境7个维度的23个指标数据，采用等权加和方法计算各维度评分（评分范围为0～1，越接近1表示脆弱性越大）。结果济南城市边缘区居民有关高温健康脆弱性的认知行为、经济情况、生活资源和工作环境4个维度评分分别为0.42、0.63、0.55和0.62，高于城市中心区居民的0.41、0.51、0.26和0.41；城市中心区居民在居住环境、社会联系和健康医疗维度评分分别为0.57、0.49和0.31，高于城市边缘区居民的0.50、0.46和0.25。表明中心区居民对居住环境、健康医疗状况和社会联系维度脆弱性较高，边缘区居民对高温认知行为、经济情况、生活资源和工作环境则较为欠缺，差异均有统计学意义。结论在小范围地理尺度内（城市中心区和边缘区）居民的高温健康脆弱性特征具有差异，因此在制定高温适应措施时应更具区域针对性。
목적：비교제남성시중심구화변연구거민고온건강취약성특정적차이，위제정괄응조시제공과학의거。방법이용다계단분층추양방법재제남시배성고속내추취8개사구（촌）（중심구화변연구），재채용우우추양추취≥16세거민공801인，사용자행설계적조사문권진행횡단면조사，수집량지구거민유관고온건강취약성적건강의료、사회련계、인지행위、경제정황、생활자원、거주배경급공작배경7개유도적23개지표수거，채용등권가화방법계산각유도평분（평분범위위0～1，월접근1표시취약성월대）。결과제남성시변연구거민유관고온건강취약성적인지행위、경제정황、생활자원화공작배경4개유도평분분별위0.42、0.63、0.55화0.62，고우성시중심구거민적0.41、0.51、0.26화0.41；성시중심구거민재거주배경、사회련계화건강의료유도평분분별위0.57、0.49화0.31，고우성시변연구거민적0.50、0.46화0.25。표명중심구거민대거주배경、건강의료상황화사회련계유도취약성교고，변연구거민대고온인지행위、경제정황、생활자원화공작배경칙교위흠결，차이균유통계학의의。결론재소범위지리척도내（성시중심구화변연구）거민적고온건강취약성특정구유차이，인차재제정고온괄응조시시응경구구역침대성。
Objective To find out the differences in regional characteristics of heat vulnerability between people living in urban centers and urban-fringe areas of Jinan city so as to provide basis for the development of adaptation measures to heat. Methods A cross-sectional survey on heat vulnerability was conducted in urban center and urban-fringe areas of Jinan city,using a self-designed questionnaire among 801 residents at the age of 16 years or older in August 2013. Data of 23 indicators related to heat vulnerability were collected and aggregated to 7 dimensions:health and medical insurance,social networks,heat perception and adaptive behavior,economic status,resources, living environment and working environment. An index score was calculated using a balanced weighted average approach for each dimension,ranging from 0 to 1,with the closer to 1 as greater vulnerability. Results The scores on heat perception and adaptive behavior,economic status, resources and working environment dimensions for urban-fringe areas were 0.42,0.63,0.55 and 0.62, statistically significantly higher than the urban center area of 0.41,0.51,0.26 and 0.41. Scores of living environment,social networks and health/medical insurance dimensions for urban center area were 0.57,0.49 and 0.31,which were all higher than the urban-fringe areas of 0.50,0.46 and 0.25, with differences statistically significant. Conclusion Residents living in the urban center might be more vulnerable to heat in terms of living environment,health/medical insurance and social networks while residents living in the urban-fringe areas might more be vulnerable in terms of heat perception and adaptive behavior,economic status,life resources and working environment. These facts indicated that heat vulnerability among residents could be quite different,even at a fine geographic sale. We would thus suggest that intervention strategies on protecting people from heat,should be more targeted.