CAJ | 학술논문

目的分析宣威市1990～2004年甲型病毒性肝炎（以下简称甲肝）流行特征，为制定预防控制策略提供依据。方法对宣威市1990～2004年报告的甲肝发病资料进行年份、地区、人群、职业分布特征分析。结果全市15年共报告甲肝2260例，平均发病率为15.12/10万，占同期传染病报告总数的14.10％,占病肝的42.65%，波动在3.45/10万～35.75/10万之间，最高达35.75/10万（1998年）,地区分布主要在板桥、榕城；发病有明显的季节性，8月开始上升，到10月达高峰，持续到12月才有所下降；男、女发病高峰均在1～19岁年龄组，25岁前男性高于女性，25岁后男女性别差异不大；学生所占比例最高（占35.18%），其次是散居儿童（占26.15%）、农民（占22.21％）。结论肝炎在宣威市近年来未能得到有效控制，已成为重点防制的传染病，预防甲肝的主要策略是对儿童实施常规免疫接种并保持高水平的免疫接种率，尽可能扩大人群覆盖范围，对入托入学新生漏种者给予补种；加强疫情监测、疫源地终末消毒、大力开展健康教育工作。
목적분석선위시1990～2004년갑형병독성간염（이하간칭갑간）류행특정，위제정예방공제책략제공의거。방법대선위시1990～2004년보고적갑간발병자료진행년빈、지구、인군、직업분포특정분석。결과전시15년공보고갑간2260례，평균발병솔위15.12/10만，점동기전염병보고총수적14.10％,점병간적42.65%，파동재3.45/10만～35.75/10만지간，최고체35.75/10만（1998년）,지구분포주요재판교、용성；발병유명현적계절성，8월개시상승，도10월체고봉，지속도12월재유소하강；남、녀발병고봉균재1～19세년령조，25세전남성고우녀성，25세후남녀성별차이불대；학생소점비례최고（점35.18%），기차시산거인동（점26.15%）、농민（점22.21％）。결론간염재선위시근년래미능득도유효공제，이성위중점방제적전염병，예방갑간적주요책략시대인동실시상규면역접충병보지고수평적면역접충솔，진가능확대인군복개범위，대입탁입학신생루충자급여보충；가강역정감측、역원지종말소독、대력개전건강교육공작。
Purpose Analysis the epidemic characteristics of viral hepatitis A in Xuan’wei during 1990~2004 and provide foundation in making prevention and control policy.Method Analysis the distribution characteristics of year, region, throng and occupation through the announced viral hepatitis A date in Xuan’wei during 1990~2004. Result There are 2260 announced cases of viral hepatitis A in 15 years. The average incidence rate is 15.12/100,000, which accounts for 14.10% of total announced infectious disease at the same period and 42.65% of liver disease. The incidence rate fluctuates between 3.45/100,000 and 35.75/100,000 and it reaches the peak 35.75/100,000 in 1998, mainly locates in Ban’qiao and Rong’cheng; the morbidity has obvious seasonal feature which is increased from August, reaches its peak at October and decline until December; both peak morbidity in male and female lay in age 1~19 group, male has a high morbidity rate than female before age 25 and no such difference are found in gender after age 25; Student have the largest rate(35.18%), then the scattered children(26.15%) and farmer(22.21%). Conclusion Hepatitis had not been controlled effectively in Xuan’wei in recent years and it became a strictly prevented infectious disease. The main prevention policy on viral hepatitis A is carrying out routine immunization for children and keeping the immunization rate at a high level. Expand the range of immunization crowd and immunize the missed person in new student; enhancing the epidemic monitoring and sterilizing the morbidity region, strengthen the health education work.