CAJ | 학술논문

为明确不同水分处理下不同年代主栽冬小麦品种在生育后期蜡质含量与主要生理指标的关系，选择建国以来河南中北部麦区不同年代主栽的6个冬小麦品种为试验材料，设置三个水分处理：W0，返青后不灌水；W1，拔节期灌水；W2，拔节和灌浆期分别灌水，研究了不同灌水下灌浆期冬小麦旗叶蜡质含量、气体交换参数以及籽粒产量和水分利用效率等指标变化。结果表明：旗叶表面蜡质含量与光合速率、蒸腾速率、叶水势和籽粒产量极显著负相关，与叶片温度呈极显著正相关，与叶片WUE和产量水平WUE相关不显著。在品种更替过程中，冬小麦旗叶蜡质含量先增加后降低，20世纪70-80年代品种蜡质含量最高，比其它年代品种高14．4％～86．9％，而籽粒产量比90年代后品种降低6．6％～23．0％，叶片WUE比其它年代品种降低11．8％～17．9％，产量水平WUE比90年代后品种降低6．8％～22．0％。水分胁迫增加了旗叶表面蜡质含量，使得旗叶光合速率降低，CO2同化作用减弱，同化产物输出减少，最终引起籽粒产量降低。
위명학불동수분처리하불동년대주재동소맥품충재생육후기사질함량여주요생리지표적관계，선택건국이래하남중북부맥구불동년대주재적6개동소맥품충위시험재료，설치삼개수분처리：W0，반청후불관수；W1，발절기관수；W2，발절화관장기분별관수，연구료불동관수하관장기동소맥기협사질함량、기체교환삼수이급자립산량화수분이용효솔등지표변화。결과표명：기협표면사질함량여광합속솔、증등속솔、협수세화자립산량겁현저부상관，여협편온도정겁현저정상관，여협편WUE화산량수평WUE상관불현저。재품충경체과정중，동소맥기협사질함량선증가후강저，20세기70-80년대품충사질함량최고，비기타년대품충고14．4％～86．9％，이자립산량비90년대후품충강저6．6％～23．0％，협편WUE비기타년대품충강저11．8％～17．9％，산량수평WUE비90년대후품충강저6．8％～22．0％。수분협박증가료기협표면사질함량，사득기협광합속솔강저，CO2동화작용감약，동화산물수출감소，최종인기자립산량강저。
In order to clarify the relationship between wax accumulation and physiological characters of winter wheat cultivars bred at different eras under different water treatments , six representative winter wheat cultivars were selected from the central Henan in different period to study wax content and gas exchanging parameter etc .Three irrigation levels were consisted with the following water treatments :no irrigation after returning green stage (W0 ) ,one irrigation at joint-ing stage (W1 ) ,two irrigations at jointing and milky stage respectively (W2 ) .The results showed there were significant negative correlations among wax content of leaf and photosynthesis rate ,transpiration rates ,leaf water potential and grain yield .There were significant positive correlation between wax content and leaf temperature .There was no significant cor-relation with WUE of leaf and WUE of grain yield .The wax content of flag leaf of winter wheat increased first and de-creased later with years .The wax content of winter cultivars bred in 1970s and 1980s improved by 14 .9% ~86 .9% than other age cultivars .The decrease in grain yield of winter wheat bred in 1970s and 1980s was from 6 .8% to 22 .0% than bred after 1990s .The decrease in leaf WUE of winter wheat bred in 1970s and 1980s was from 11 .8% to 17 .9% than other cultivars .The decrease in WUE of yield of winter wheat bred in 1970s and 1980s was from 11 .8% to 17 .9% than bred after 1990s .Accumulation wax on leaf blade under water stress was lower .The photosynthetic rate and the CO2 as-similation products declined at water stress so that the grain yield declined .