干旱地区农业研究
榦旱地區農業研究
간한지구농업연구
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH IN THE ARID AREAS
2013年
5期
28-33
,共6页
土壤水分%王东沟小流域%时程变化%驱动机制%黄土高原
土壤水分%王東溝小流域%時程變化%驅動機製%黃土高原
토양수분%왕동구소류역%시정변화%구동궤제%황토고원
soil moisture%Wangdonggou watershed%temporal variation%driving mechanism%Loess Plateau
选取位于黄土高原南部的长武王东沟小流域为研究对象，通过对典型样地0～600 cm土壤剖面水分的长期连续测定，系统研究了王东沟小流域土壤水分年内、年际变化的分层特征以及驱动机制。结果表明，土壤水分剖面的时程变化有分层特征，与利用类型关系密切；王东沟小流域0～50 cm土层土壤水分季节变化剧烈，0～150 cm土壤含水量在雨季前（6月）降到最低；与雨季前相比，小麦地12月土壤水分恢复深度可达到460 cm ，而刺槐林地、苹果园和苜蓿地土壤水分恢复深度最大达到260 cm左右；就同一测点比较，2011年刺槐林地和苹果园300～600 cm土壤含水量较2003年减少，而2011年小麦地和荒草地300～600 cm土壤含水量较2003年有所增加。土地利用和地形地貌是驱动王东沟小流域土壤水分变化的主要因素，但是土地利用对深层土壤水分的影响更加显著。
選取位于黃土高原南部的長武王東溝小流域為研究對象，通過對典型樣地0～600 cm土壤剖麵水分的長期連續測定，繫統研究瞭王東溝小流域土壤水分年內、年際變化的分層特徵以及驅動機製。結果錶明，土壤水分剖麵的時程變化有分層特徵，與利用類型關繫密切；王東溝小流域0～50 cm土層土壤水分季節變化劇烈，0～150 cm土壤含水量在雨季前（6月）降到最低；與雨季前相比，小麥地12月土壤水分恢複深度可達到460 cm ，而刺槐林地、蘋果園和苜蓿地土壤水分恢複深度最大達到260 cm左右；就同一測點比較，2011年刺槐林地和蘋果園300～600 cm土壤含水量較2003年減少，而2011年小麥地和荒草地300～600 cm土壤含水量較2003年有所增加。土地利用和地形地貌是驅動王東溝小流域土壤水分變化的主要因素，但是土地利用對深層土壤水分的影響更加顯著。
선취위우황토고원남부적장무왕동구소류역위연구대상，통과대전형양지0～600 cm토양부면수분적장기련속측정，계통연구료왕동구소류역토양수분년내、년제변화적분층특정이급구동궤제。결과표명，토양수분부면적시정변화유분층특정，여이용류형관계밀절；왕동구소류역0～50 cm토층토양수분계절변화극렬，0～150 cm토양함수량재우계전（6월）강도최저；여우계전상비，소맥지12월토양수분회복심도가체도460 cm ，이자괴임지、평과완화목숙지토양수분회복심도최대체도260 cm좌우；취동일측점비교，2011년자괴임지화평과완300～600 cm토양함수량교2003년감소，이2011년소맥지화황초지300～600 cm토양함수량교2003년유소증가。토지이용화지형지모시구동왕동구소류역토양수분변화적주요인소，단시토지이용대심층토양수분적영향경가현저。
Wangdonggou watershed located in the southern Loess Plateau was selected as the study area in this pa-per .Layered characteristics and driving mechanisms of seasonal and interannual soil moisture variations in the small wa-tershed were comprehensively studied through a long-term observation of soil moisture in 600 cm soil profiles of typical plots .Soil water content in the 0~50 cm layer changed intensively with season .Soil water content in the 0~150 cm soil layer decreased to the lowest before rainy season .In contrast to drought season ,the depth of soil water recharged in De-cember was as much as 460 cm for wheat land ,while the maximum depths recharged were about 260 cm for Robinia pseudoacacia forestland ,apple orchard and alfalfa field .Temporal variations of soil moisture in the profiles were charac-terized by a layered distribution and were closely related with landuse type .As for the same measuring point ,soil water contents in the 300~600 cm layer of Robinia pseudoacacia forestland and apple orchard in 2011 were lower than those in 2003 ,while soil water contents in the same layer of wheat land and natural grassland in 2011 were higher than those in 2003 .Both landuse type and topography are the main driving factors for soil moisture change and however ,landuse type has more significant effect on soil moisture in deep layer .
