生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2013年
8期
1414-1417
,共4页
三聚氰胺%罗非鱼%累积%消除%气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)
三聚氰胺%囉非魚%纍積%消除%氣相色譜-質譜(GC-MS)
삼취청알%라비어%루적%소제%기상색보-질보(GC-MS)
melamine%tilapia%accumulation%elimination%gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
以吉富罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）为受试动物，在室内用水族箱进行模拟养殖试验，设定污染水体中三聚氰胺初始浓度为0.2 g·L-1，考察罗非鱼在其中饲养1周期间体内三聚氰胺的累积情况。再将鱼转移至不含三聚氰胺的清洁水体中饲养1周，考察鱼体内三聚氰胺在其中的消除情况。结果表明，三聚氰胺能在鱼体内迅速富集，鱼肉及内脏中三聚氰胺的含量均与鱼在污染水体中暴露的时间成正相关。其中，鱼肉中三聚氰胺的浓度几乎成线性增大，拟合所得方程为 y＝5.5988x＋12.897，相关系数为0.9959。内脏对三聚氰胺的富集速率先快后慢，且其中三聚氰胺的浓度为鱼肉的2~3倍。在试验后期，鱼肉及内脏中三聚氰胺的浓度分别高达51.55 mg·kg-1和93.89 mg·kg-1，此时罗非鱼表现出明显的中毒迹象。将罗非鱼转移至清洁水体中养殖后，鱼肉及内脏中三聚氰胺的残留量均迅速下降，尤其是后者的消除速度甚快，一周后两者的浓度分别降至0.13 mg·kg-1和0.21 mg·kg-1。此时，罗非鱼中毒症状逐渐消失，活动趋向正常。
以吉富囉非魚（Oreochromis niloticus）為受試動物，在室內用水族箱進行模擬養殖試驗，設定汙染水體中三聚氰胺初始濃度為0.2 g·L-1，攷察囉非魚在其中飼養1週期間體內三聚氰胺的纍積情況。再將魚轉移至不含三聚氰胺的清潔水體中飼養1週，攷察魚體內三聚氰胺在其中的消除情況。結果錶明，三聚氰胺能在魚體內迅速富集，魚肉及內髒中三聚氰胺的含量均與魚在汙染水體中暴露的時間成正相關。其中，魚肉中三聚氰胺的濃度幾乎成線性增大，擬閤所得方程為 y＝5.5988x＋12.897，相關繫數為0.9959。內髒對三聚氰胺的富集速率先快後慢，且其中三聚氰胺的濃度為魚肉的2~3倍。在試驗後期，魚肉及內髒中三聚氰胺的濃度分彆高達51.55 mg·kg-1和93.89 mg·kg-1，此時囉非魚錶現齣明顯的中毒跡象。將囉非魚轉移至清潔水體中養殖後，魚肉及內髒中三聚氰胺的殘留量均迅速下降，尤其是後者的消除速度甚快，一週後兩者的濃度分彆降至0.13 mg·kg-1和0.21 mg·kg-1。此時，囉非魚中毒癥狀逐漸消失，活動趨嚮正常。
이길부라비어（Oreochromis niloticus）위수시동물，재실내용수족상진행모의양식시험，설정오염수체중삼취청알초시농도위0.2 g·L-1，고찰라비어재기중사양1주기간체내삼취청알적루적정황。재장어전이지불함삼취청알적청길수체중사양1주，고찰어체내삼취청알재기중적소제정황。결과표명，삼취청알능재어체내신속부집，어육급내장중삼취청알적함량균여어재오염수체중폭로적시간성정상관。기중，어육중삼취청알적농도궤호성선성증대，의합소득방정위 y＝5.5988x＋12.897，상관계수위0.9959。내장대삼취청알적부집속솔선쾌후만，차기중삼취청알적농도위어육적2~3배。재시험후기，어육급내장중삼취청알적농도분별고체51.55 mg·kg-1화93.89 mg·kg-1，차시라비어표현출명현적중독적상。장라비어전이지청길수체중양식후，어육급내장중삼취청알적잔류량균신속하강，우기시후자적소제속도심쾌，일주후량자적농도분별강지0.13 mg·kg-1화0.21 mg·kg-1。차시，라비어중독증상축점소실，활동추향정상。
The accumulation of melamine in GIFT tilapia in water containing melamine (0.2 g?L-1) was investigated for a week through laboratory experiments. Then the fishes were transferred to clean water and another 7-day trial was conducted to study the elimination of their residual melamine. The results showed that melamine could be easily enriched by tilapia, and the melamine concentration in its muscles or innards was enhanced rapidly with the increase of exposure time. The accumulated amount of melamine in the muscle rose almost linearly to the time, and the regression equation was y=5.598 8 x+12.897,with correlation coefficient of 0.995 9. It was also found that the bio-accumulation of melamine in the innards was very fast at first and then slowed down gradually, and the melamine concentration in the innards was 2-3 times higher than that in the muscles. At the end of the experiment, the melamine concentration in the innards and muscles of tilapia were as high as 51.55 mg·kg-1and 93.89 mg·kg-1 respectively, and the tilapia showed obvious toxicity symptom. However, after the fish were transferred to clean water, the melamine residues in the muscles and innards were decreased drastically, and their concentrations were less than 0.13 mg·kg-1 and 0.21 mg·kg-1 respectively a week later. It was observed that after switching to clean water, tilapia’s poisoning symptom disappeared gradually and its physical activity was towards normal.
