CAJ | 학술논문

土地利用变化引起的水分条件变化反过来又会影响植被的生长，然而，森林-水分-植物生长之间相互作用关系的研究还很少。以香桂(Cinnamomum subavenium)人工林为例，在盐亭生态试验站开展观测，研究了无枯落物林地(FB)、有枯落物林地(FL)和裸地(BL)的水分动态(土壤水分、径流组成和径流量)，比较了FB和FL样地树木高、基径、叶面积、比叶面积(SLA)、地上和地下生物量。研究结果表明：①FL样地的土壤含水量最高，其次是FB样地，而BL样地的土壤含水量最低；②地上径流展现了与土壤水分相反的趋势(FL<FB<BL)，地下径流则表现出和土壤水分相同的规律(FL>FB>BL)，3个样地的总径流量则没有表现出一个明确的大小关系。在观测期间，BL、FB和FL的地表径流量分别为284.68、222.93和68.98 cm，地下径流分别为57.83、134.00和289.52 cm,总径流量依次为343.16、356.93和358.35 cm；③在观测早期，FL样地和FB样地植物形态学特征、SLA以及地上和地下生物量均没有显著差异(p>0.05)。在观测期末，虽然两个样地的基径和SLA无显著差异，然而其他指标差异极显著(p<0.005)。在观测末期，除SLA外，FL样地植物的高、基径、叶面积、地上生物量和地下生物量分别高于FB样地，表明该样地植物生长条件更好。这些结果表明森林改善了自身的水分环境，而水分环境的改善又反过来促进了森林的生长，森林植被-水分条件的这种相互促进作用是森林系统生存策略的一种表现。
토지이용변화인기적수분조건변화반과래우회영향식피적생장，연이，삼림-수분-식물생장지간상호작용관계적연구환흔소。이향계(Cinnamomum subavenium)인공림위례，재염정생태시험참개전관측，연구료무고락물임지(FB)、유고락물임지(FL)화라지(BL)적수분동태(토양수분、경류조성화경류량)，비교료FB화FL양지수목고、기경、협면적、비협면적(SLA)、지상화지하생물량。연구결과표명：①FL양지적토양함수량최고，기차시FB양지，이BL양지적토양함수량최저；②지상경류전현료여토양수분상반적추세(FL<FB<BL)，지하경류칙표현출화토양수분상동적규률(FL>FB>BL)，3개양지적총경류량칙몰유표현출일개명학적대소관계。재관측기간，BL、FB화FL적지표경류량분별위284.68、222.93화68.98 cm，지하경류분별위57.83、134.00화289.52 cm,총경류량의차위343.16、356.93화358.35 cm；③재관측조기，FL양지화FB양지식물형태학특정、SLA이급지상화지하생물량균몰유현저차이(p>0.05)。재관측기말，수연량개양지적기경화SLA무현저차이，연이기타지표차이겁현저(p<0.005)。재관측말기，제SLA외，FL양지식물적고、기경、협면적、지상생물량화지하생물량분별고우FB양지，표명해양지식물생장조건경호。저사결과표명삼림개선료자신적수분배경，이수분배경적개선우반과래촉진료삼림적생장，삼림식피-수분조건적저충상호촉진작용시삼림계통생존책략적일충표현。
Soil moisture and runoff changes resulted from land use change will, in turn, affect the plant growth and survival. However, research on the relationships between forest cover, water, and plant growth is rare. In this study, time series water dynamics (soil moisture, surface runoff, subsurface runoff and water yield) of forestland without surface litter (FB, litter removed), forestland with ground litter plot (FL), and bare land plot (BL, without vegetation cover) in Yanting Agro-ecosystem Station, SW China, were investigated. The height, basal diameter, leaf area, specific leaf area (SLA), above-and below-ground biomass of plants in the FB and FL plot were compared. Results showed that: ①FL plot revealed the highest soil water content (SWC), followed by FB and BL;②the surface runoff for the three treatments trended to increase following an order of FL<FB<BL, whereas the subsurface flow showed a decreasing order of FL>FB>BL. The total runoff among the three plots didn’t reveal a clear relationship. Throughout the study period, the surface runoff for BL, FB and FL was 284.68, 222.93 and 68.98 cm, the subsurface runoff was 57.83, 134.00 and 289.52 cm, and the total water yield was 343.16, 356.93 and 358.35 cm, respectively;and ③at the beginning of the observation, the height, basal diameter, single leaf area, SLA, aboveground and belowground biomass for the FL plot trees were almost equal to those of the FB plot (p>0.05). At the end of the observation, the height, single leaf area, aboveground and belowground biomass between the two plots revealed significant difference (p<0.005; FL>FB), but basal diameter and SLA didn’t differ between FL and BL (p>0.05). The morphological characters (height, basal diameter and leaf area) and biomass of plants in FL plot were higher than those in FB plot, indicating that the former had better growth conditions than the latter. Forest improves its own water environment and water environment improvement, in turn, promote the growth of the forest. The mutual promotion effect between forest vegetation and its water condition is a kind of survival strategy of forest system.