生态环境学报
生態環境學報
생태배경학보
ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
2013年
8期
1275-1281
,共7页
龚斌%王风玉%张继平%沃笑%刘伟玲%齐月
龔斌%王風玉%張繼平%沃笑%劉偉玲%齊月
공빈%왕풍옥%장계평%옥소%류위령%제월
中亚热带森林%土壤呼吸%土壤温度%土壤湿度%井冈山国家级自然保护区
中亞熱帶森林%土壤呼吸%土壤溫度%土壤濕度%井岡山國傢級自然保護區
중아열대삼림%토양호흡%토양온도%토양습도%정강산국가급자연보호구
mid-subtropical forest%soil respiration%soil temperature%soil humidity%Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve
森林土壤呼吸是陆地生态系统土壤呼吸的重要组成部分，其动态变化对全球碳平衡有着重要的影响。目前对中亚热带森林土壤呼吸的研究还比较薄弱。本次研究采用Li-8100采集土壤呼吸速率，同时测定土壤0-10 cm土壤含水量和15 cm处的土壤温度。通过分析所测数据研究井冈山国家级自然保护区中亚热带森林生态系统主要森林类型生长季土壤呼吸速率的日变化特征，并分析土壤温湿度与土壤呼吸的相关关系。结果表明，①各个森林类型的土壤呼吸作用在白天比较活跃，夜晚波动很小。峰值一般出现在10：00到14：00之间。日土壤呼吸强度曲线基本遵循倒U型。②阔叶林（优势种：甜槠Castanopsis eyrei (Champ.)Tutch）、针叶林（优势种：台湾松Pinus taiwanensis）、混交林（优势种：银木荷Schima argenteaPritz.和杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook）和竹林（优势种：毛竹Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens）的土壤呼吸范围依次为：2.1~5.3、2.19~4.02、1.27~4.23、1.8~6.35μmol·m-2·s-1。混交林的平均土壤呼吸值远小于其他三种林，但其土壤温度相对较低，土壤温湿度的浮动范围较小。竹林和阔叶林虽然土壤呼吸均值较高，但其浮动范围较大，受环境影响较大，土壤温湿度变化较低。③用Excel和Sigmaplot软件统计分析4种林型的土壤呼吸数据，研究结果表明，阔叶林土壤呼吸和土壤温度相关性不显著；针叶林林型土壤体积含水量为25.02%是影响土壤呼吸速率的分界点；混交林林型土壤呼吸和温度存在倒 U关系，会随着土壤体积含水量升高而降低；竹林的土壤呼吸速率也随着土壤体积含水量的增加而降低。总而言之，可能由于降雨量过大造成土壤孔隙度变小，进而影响了土壤呼吸作用的活跃度导致各个森林类型的土壤呼吸作用与土壤温湿度的相关性不大。
森林土壤呼吸是陸地生態繫統土壤呼吸的重要組成部分，其動態變化對全毬碳平衡有著重要的影響。目前對中亞熱帶森林土壤呼吸的研究還比較薄弱。本次研究採用Li-8100採集土壤呼吸速率，同時測定土壤0-10 cm土壤含水量和15 cm處的土壤溫度。通過分析所測數據研究井岡山國傢級自然保護區中亞熱帶森林生態繫統主要森林類型生長季土壤呼吸速率的日變化特徵，併分析土壤溫濕度與土壤呼吸的相關關繫。結果錶明，①各箇森林類型的土壤呼吸作用在白天比較活躍，夜晚波動很小。峰值一般齣現在10：00到14：00之間。日土壤呼吸彊度麯線基本遵循倒U型。②闊葉林（優勢種：甜櫧Castanopsis eyrei (Champ.)Tutch）、針葉林（優勢種：檯灣鬆Pinus taiwanensis）、混交林（優勢種：銀木荷Schima argenteaPritz.和杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook）和竹林（優勢種：毛竹Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens）的土壤呼吸範圍依次為：2.1~5.3、2.19~4.02、1.27~4.23、1.8~6.35μmol·m-2·s-1。混交林的平均土壤呼吸值遠小于其他三種林，但其土壤溫度相對較低，土壤溫濕度的浮動範圍較小。竹林和闊葉林雖然土壤呼吸均值較高，但其浮動範圍較大，受環境影響較大，土壤溫濕度變化較低。③用Excel和Sigmaplot軟件統計分析4種林型的土壤呼吸數據，研究結果錶明，闊葉林土壤呼吸和土壤溫度相關性不顯著；針葉林林型土壤體積含水量為25.02%是影響土壤呼吸速率的分界點；混交林林型土壤呼吸和溫度存在倒 U關繫，會隨著土壤體積含水量升高而降低；竹林的土壤呼吸速率也隨著土壤體積含水量的增加而降低。總而言之，可能由于降雨量過大造成土壤孔隙度變小，進而影響瞭土壤呼吸作用的活躍度導緻各箇森林類型的土壤呼吸作用與土壤溫濕度的相關性不大。
삼림토양호흡시륙지생태계통토양호흡적중요조성부분，기동태변화대전구탄평형유착중요적영향。목전대중아열대삼림토양호흡적연구환비교박약。본차연구채용Li-8100채집토양호흡속솔，동시측정토양0-10 cm토양함수량화15 cm처적토양온도。통과분석소측수거연구정강산국가급자연보호구중아열대삼림생태계통주요삼림류형생장계토양호흡속솔적일변화특정，병분석토양온습도여토양호흡적상관관계。결과표명，①각개삼림류형적토양호흡작용재백천비교활약，야만파동흔소。봉치일반출현재10：00도14：00지간。일토양호흡강도곡선기본준순도U형。②활협림（우세충：첨저Castanopsis eyrei (Champ.)Tutch）、침협림（우세충：태만송Pinus taiwanensis）、혼교림（우세충：은목하Schima argenteaPritz.화삼목Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook）화죽림（우세충：모죽Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens）적토양호흡범위의차위：2.1~5.3、2.19~4.02、1.27~4.23、1.8~6.35μmol·m-2·s-1。혼교림적평균토양호흡치원소우기타삼충림，단기토양온도상대교저，토양온습도적부동범위교소。죽림화활협림수연토양호흡균치교고，단기부동범위교대，수배경영향교대，토양온습도변화교저。③용Excel화Sigmaplot연건통계분석4충림형적토양호흡수거，연구결과표명，활협림토양호흡화토양온도상관성불현저；침협림림형토양체적함수량위25.02%시영향토양호흡속솔적분계점；혼교림림형토양호흡화온도존재도 U관계，회수착토양체적함수량승고이강저；죽림적토양호흡속솔야수착토양체적함수량적증가이강저。총이언지，가능유우강우량과대조성토양공극도변소，진이영향료토양호흡작용적활약도도치각개삼림류형적토양호흡작용여토양온습도적상관성불대。
Forest soil respiration is an important part of soil respiration of the terrestrial ecosystems and the dynamic changes of forest soil respiration, which has great impact on the global carbon balance. Currently, the research of soil respiration of mid-subtropical forest is relatively weak. Taken the Jinggang Mountain National Nature Reserve as the study area, this paper monitored the soil respiration of main mid-subtropical forest types during the growing season using an infrared gas exchange analyzer (Li-8100), and analyzed its relationship with soil temperature and humidity. The results showed that: ①soil respiration of each forest type was high and active during the day, but low and inactive in the night. The most active period of soil respiration occurred between 10:00 to 14:00. The intensity curve of daily soil respiration followed the inverted U-shaped. ②The soil respiration of the broad-leaved forests (dominant plant species:Castanopsis eyrei (Champ.)Tutch), coniferous forests (dominant species:Pinus taiwanensis), mixed forests (dominant plant species:Schima argentea Pritz.&Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook) and bamboo forests (dominant plant species:Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens) varied from 2.1~5.3、2.19~4.02、1.27~4.23 and 1.8~6.35 μmol·m-2·s-1, respectively. The average soil respiration of the mixed forests was smaller than other kinds of forests, while its soil temperature was lower. Compared with the soil temperature&humidity of the broad-leaved forests and bamboo forests, the average soil respiration was higher. Also, the average soil respiration had a big floating range, and mainly affected by environmental factors.③Analysis of soil respiration data of the four forest types using Excelland Sigmaplot statistical software, results showed that the soil respiration of broad-leaved forest did not correlate significantly with soil temperature;When the soil volumetric moisture content of coniferous forest was 25.02%, the soil respiration rate had a point of demarcation;there is an inverted U relationship between mixed forest soil respiration and temperature, and its respiration decreasesd as the soil volumetric moisture content increased;the relationship between bamboo forest soil respiration rate and the soil volumetric moisture content was similar with the mixed forest. In a word, probably due to the smiller soil porosity caused by heavier rainfull, the soil respiration activity was affected, thereby the correlation between soil respiration and soil temperature, humidity was not obvious among all forest types.
