CAJ | 학술논문

世界各国关于转租有放任主义、限制主义和区别主义三种立法模式，在这三种模式下，当承租人违约时，一般赋予次承租人违约责任救济权。我国《合同法》第224条虽采限制主义立法模式，但在自行转租的情况下，根据《合同法》第51条的规定，转租合同在承租人事后没取得处分权或没有得到出租人追认的应属无效，剥夺了次承租人违约责任救济权。即使大多国家在承租人违约的情况下赋予了次承租人违约责任救济权，但由于传统民法视租赁权本质上为一种债权，在承租人违约时次承租人不能以其租赁权对抗出租人所有物返还请求权，因此对次承租人保护也为不力和公平。租赁权实质上是用益物权，承租人和次承租人合法取得的租赁权将获得《物权法》的保护。
세계각국관우전조유방임주의、한제주의화구별주의삼충입법모식，재저삼충모식하，당승조인위약시，일반부여차승조인위약책임구제권。아국《합동법》제224조수채한제주의입법모식，단재자행전조적정황하，근거《합동법》제51조적규정，전조합동재승조인사후몰취득처분권혹몰유득도출조인추인적응속무효，박탈료차승조인위약책임구제권。즉사대다국가재승조인위약적정황하부여료차승조인위약책임구제권，단유우전통민법시조임권본질상위일충채권，재승조인위약시차승조인불능이기조임권대항출조인소유물반환청구권，인차대차승조인보호야위불력화공평。조임권실질상시용익물권，승조인화차승조인합법취득적조임권장획득《물권법》적보호。
The world of sublease with laissez-faire,restrictionism and difference of three kinds of legislative mode,in the three mode,when the tenant default,generally confers a lessee breach relief rights,China’s“contract law”article 224th limits although mining legislation and model,but in the case of unapproved sublet next,according to the“contract law”provisions of article fifty-first, in the charterer sub-tenant contract didn’t get right to dispose of or have not been ratified the lessor should be invalid,deprived of the lessee’s liability for breach of contract right of relief. Even though most of the countries where the lessee default gives the lessee’s liability for breach of contract right of relief,but due to the traditional civil law as the leasing right essentially as a creditor,the lessee default lessee cannot with its lease right against the lessor ownership returning petition right on time,the tenant protection is not good and fair. The lease is a usufructuary right in nature,so that the lessee and the sub-lessee obtain tenancy will get real right law protection.