岩土力学
巖土力學
암토역학
ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS
2013年
10期
2911-2918
,共8页
涵洞%梯形沟谷%土压力%土拱%理论分析
涵洞%梯形溝穀%土壓力%土拱%理論分析
함동%제형구곡%토압력%토공%이론분석
culvert%trapezoidal trench%earth pressure%soil arch%theoretical analysis
梯形沟谷设涵在山区公路和铁路建设中的应用非常广泛。然而，目前规范中尚无梯形沟谷设涵的设计方法。现有的研究主要针对上埋式和沟埋式涵洞，对天然梯形沟谷埋设涵洞时的涵洞受力性状的研究甚少。通过数值模拟得出梯形沟谷设涵时，钢筋混凝土箱型涵洞顶部填土内的应力状态和土拱的分布规律。在此基础上建立理论模型，推导涵洞土压力理论计算式，并验证理论方法的正确性。此外，对涵顶土压力的影响因素进行了参数研究。结果表明，梯形沟谷设涵时涵洞的受力状态不同于上埋式和沟埋式两种情况。当涵顶填土高度到达临界高度时，填土中会形成上、下两层土拱。下层土拱效应使涵顶产生土压力集中，上层土拱效应会减小涵顶的土压力集中。涵顶土压力的大小取决于涵顶的填土高度、沟谷坡角、沟谷宽度、涵洞的几何尺寸及填土的性质。
梯形溝穀設涵在山區公路和鐵路建設中的應用非常廣汎。然而，目前規範中尚無梯形溝穀設涵的設計方法。現有的研究主要針對上埋式和溝埋式涵洞，對天然梯形溝穀埋設涵洞時的涵洞受力性狀的研究甚少。通過數值模擬得齣梯形溝穀設涵時，鋼觔混凝土箱型涵洞頂部填土內的應力狀態和土拱的分佈規律。在此基礎上建立理論模型，推導涵洞土壓力理論計算式，併驗證理論方法的正確性。此外，對涵頂土壓力的影響因素進行瞭參數研究。結果錶明，梯形溝穀設涵時涵洞的受力狀態不同于上埋式和溝埋式兩種情況。噹涵頂填土高度到達臨界高度時，填土中會形成上、下兩層土拱。下層土拱效應使涵頂產生土壓力集中，上層土拱效應會減小涵頂的土壓力集中。涵頂土壓力的大小取決于涵頂的填土高度、溝穀坡角、溝穀寬度、涵洞的幾何呎吋及填土的性質。
제형구곡설함재산구공로화철로건설중적응용비상엄범。연이，목전규범중상무제형구곡설함적설계방법。현유적연구주요침대상매식화구매식함동，대천연제형구곡매설함동시적함동수력성상적연구심소。통과수치모의득출제형구곡설함시，강근혼응토상형함동정부전토내적응력상태화토공적분포규률。재차기출상건립이론모형，추도함동토압력이론계산식，병험증이론방법적정학성。차외，대함정토압력적영향인소진행료삼수연구。결과표명，제형구곡설함시함동적수력상태불동우상매식화구매식량충정황。당함정전토고도도체림계고도시，전토중회형성상、하량층토공。하층토공효응사함정산생토압력집중，상층토공효응회감소함정적토압력집중。함정토압력적대소취결우함정적전토고도、구곡파각、구곡관도、함동적궤하척촌급전토적성질。
Trapezoidal trench installing (TTI) culverts are widely used in highway and railway in mountainous area. However, there are currently no published standards for the design of the TTI culvert. The performances of embankment installation (EI) and trench installation (TI) culverts have been investigated by a number of researchers; but the study of performance of TTI culverts is less common. To understand the complex soil-structure interaction issues related to the design of TTI culverts, a numerical simulation is conducted to investigate the stress states and the soil arches in the backfill over the reinforced concrete box culvert installed in trapezoidal trenches. A theoretical model is established based on the numerical results;and the formula for calculating the vertical earth pressure acting on the culvert is deduced. The theoretical results are in reasonable agreement with the field test data and numerical results. Moreover, a parametric study is carried out to investigate the important influencing factors on the vertical earth pressure acting on the culvert. Research results show that the stress states on the TTI culvert is different from those of EI and TI culverts. Two layers of soil arches at different levels form in the backfill over the TTI culvert when the fill on the culvert reaches a certain height. The lower soil arches incur the vertical earth pressure concentrating on the top of the culvert. However, the upper soil arches covering the lower ones alleviate the concentration effect. The vertical earth pressure on the culvert is determined by the soil arching effect, which is affected by the height of backfill over the culvert, the slope angle and bottom width of the trench, the dimensions of the culvert and the properties of backfill.
