CAJ | 학술논문

背景：中国需要接受器官移植的患者数量还以每年超过10%的增量扩大，由于缺乏公民自愿捐献，中国较世界其他国家面临着更为严峻的供体短缺问题。导致目前中国器官供体短缺的具体原因是什么？中国公民究竟如何看待遗体器官捐献，他们对遗体器官捐献的态度如何？是哪些因素影响了中国公民遗体器官捐献行为的实施？ 　　目的：了解中国传统观念对中国公民逝世后器官捐献意愿的影响程度。 　　方法：采用随机整群抽样法，选取来自不同社会阶层的900名接受问卷调查者为研究对象，应用自制的公众对人体器官捐献的认知、态度和行为调查表进行问卷调查。 　　结果与结论：①有55.16%的民众认为进行器官捐献的主要目的是想帮助他人，有24.22%的民众认为进行器官捐献的主要目的是一种社会公德的体现，11.94%的民众认为进行器官捐献其实是自己生命的延续。②有70.00%的民众认为捐献的器官应该用于器官移植事业，以便挽救更多患者的生命，其平均得分为2.53分；而建议将捐献器官应用于医学教学用和病理解剖用的比较接近，平均得分依次为1.72和1.75。③有65.01%的民众支持采取心肺死亡的标准来判断人死亡，24.33%的民众支持采取脑死亡的标准判断人死亡，还有10.66%的民众认为不清楚采取什么方式。④有50.52%的民众认为影响器官捐献的主要因素是中国传统文化和观念的影响，其次是捐献程序和家属感情。调查结果发现，中国传统文化和观念是影响民众进行器官捐献的主要因素，大部分民众认为以心肺死亡的标准来判断人死亡为最佳方法，认为捐献器官的主要目的是想帮助别人，捐献的器官应首先应用于器官移植，以便挽救更多的生命。
배경：중국수요접수기관이식적환자수량환이매년초과10%적증량확대，유우결핍공민자원연헌，중국교세계기타국가면림착경위엄준적공체단결문제。도치목전중국기관공체단결적구체원인시십요？중국공민구경여하간대유체기관연헌，타문대유체기관연헌적태도여하？시나사인소영향료중국공민유체기관연헌행위적실시？ 　　목적：료해중국전통관념대중국공민서세후기관연헌의원적영향정도。 　　방법：채용수궤정군추양법，선취래자불동사회계층적900명접수문권조사자위연구대상，응용자제적공음대인체기관연헌적인지、태도화행위조사표진행문권조사。 　　결과여결론：①유55.16%적민음인위진행기관연헌적주요목적시상방조타인，유24.22%적민음인위진행기관연헌적주요목적시일충사회공덕적체현，11.94%적민음인위진행기관연헌기실시자기생명적연속。②유70.00%적민음인위연헌적기관응해용우기관이식사업，이편만구경다환자적생명，기평균득분위2.53분；이건의장연헌기관응용우의학교학용화병리해부용적비교접근，평균득분의차위1.72화1.75。③유65.01%적민음지지채취심폐사망적표준래판단인사망，24.33%적민음지지채취뇌사망적표준판단인사망，환유10.66%적민음인위불청초채취십요방식。④유50.52%적민음인위영향기관연헌적주요인소시중국전통문화화관념적영향，기차시연헌정서화가속감정。조사결과발현，중국전통문화화관념시영향민음진행기관연헌적주요인소，대부분민음인위이심폐사망적표준래판단인사망위최가방법，인위연헌기관적주요목적시상방조별인，연헌적기관응수선응용우기관이식，이편만구경다적생명。
BACKGROUND:The number of patients in need of organ transplantation in China is increased by more than 10%per year. Due to the lack of voluntary donations, China is facing a more severe donor shortage than other countries. What are the specific reasons for the shortage of donor organs in China? What is the attitude toward organ donation in Chinese citizens? What factors are affecting the implementation of organ donation in Chinese citizens? OBJECTIVE:To investigate the influence of traditional Chinese ideas on the wil ing of Chinese citizens toward organ donation after death. METHODS:By random cluster sampling, 900 persons selected from different social classes as research objects received questionnaire survey. Self-made questionnaire consisted of cognition, attitude and behavior of the public in face of organ donation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) 55.16%of persons thought that the main purpose of organ donation was to help others, 24.22%thought that the main purpose of organ donation was a manifestation of social morality, 11.94%thought that organ donation was the continuation of their lives. (2) There were 70.00%who said donations should be used for the cause of organ transplantation, in order to save more lives, and the average score was 2.53 points;while the number of persons who proposed donor organs would be applied in medical teaching was similar to that in pathological anatomy, and the average score was 1.72 and 1.75, respectively. (3) 65.01%of the public supported cardiopulmonary death standard to judge death, 24.33%supported brain death standard to judge death, and moreover, 10.66%of people did not know what to take. (4) 50.52%of people thought that the main factors affecting the organ donation was traditional Chinese culture and ideas, fol owed by the donation program and family feelings. The study found that traditional Chinese culture and ideas are the main factor affecting organ donation in the public, most people think that cardiopulmonary death standard is better to judge death and that the main purpose of organ donation is to help others that organ donation should be applied firstly to organ transplantation in order to save more lives.