CAJ | 학술논문

阿姆河右岸区块为CNPC在阿姆河盆地的重要合作区块，目前对该区中下侏罗统构造面貌认识不甚清楚，严重制约着该区深部的油气勘探进展。充分利用已有的地质、钻探资料及新近采集的三维地震资料，通过对研究区中下侏罗统层序界面的全区追踪对比，探讨了阿姆河右岸区块中部三维地震区的中下侏罗统构造变形特征，在此基础上进一步分析了中下侏罗统构造圈闭类型及其成藏有效性。研究表明，研究区中下侏罗统构造是在晚二叠世-三叠纪断陷阶段形成的查尔朱断阶背景上，经过侏罗纪-古近纪的坳陷阶段和新近纪以来的来自南东方向的强烈挤压改造形成的综合产物。整体来看中下侏罗统主要发育有NW-SE向、近EW向、NEE-SWW向和NE-SW向4组断裂，不同走向断裂其形成时代、运动学特征、演化过程及在空间上的分布等方面都存在明显差异。受不同断裂活动性质的影响，研究区发育有NW-SE向、NE-SW向及NNE-SWW向3组不同走向的褶皱构造。受中下侏罗统构造变形过程的控制，研究区构造圈闭主要为背斜型圈闭，它们多被断裂切割改造，形成断层-背斜复合型圈闭。根据圈闭发育的控制因素可以分为在基底古隆起基础上发育起来的背斜型圈闭（A型）和与基底古隆起无关的新近纪形成的挤压背斜型圈闭（B型）。不同类型圈闭的成藏有效性存在明显差异。A型圈闭由于是在基底古隆起基础上发育起来的，中下侏罗统储层发育相对较好；B型圈闭主要位于研究区东部，早中侏罗世该区位于水体较深部位，储层发育差。根据A型圈闭在后期构造运动中被改造的强弱，可进一步分为A-1型和A-2型圈闭。A-1型圈闭后期被改造程度弱，早期古隆起边缘断裂的后期活动未将早期（新近纪以前）可能已经形成的中下侏罗统原生油气藏完全破坏掉，从而一部分原生油气藏被保存下来；而A-2型圈闭后期被改造程度强，早期断裂的后期活动或新生断裂将早期可能形成的中下侏罗统原生油气藏严重破坏。3类构造圈闭中下侏罗统成藏有效性以A-1型圈闭最好，A-2型圈闭次之，B型圈闭最差。阿姆河右岸區塊為CNPC在阿姆河盆地的重要閤作區塊，目前對該區中下侏囉統構造麵貌認識不甚清楚，嚴重製約著該區深部的油氣勘探進展。充分利用已有的地質、鑽探資料及新近採集的三維地震資料，通過對研究區中下侏囉統層序界麵的全區追蹤對比，探討瞭阿姆河右岸區塊中部三維地震區的中下侏囉統構造變形特徵，在此基礎上進一步分析瞭中下侏囉統構造圈閉類型及其成藏有效性。研究錶明，研究區中下侏囉統構造是在晚二疊世-三疊紀斷陷階段形成的查爾硃斷階揹景上，經過侏囉紀-古近紀的坳陷階段和新近紀以來的來自南東方嚮的彊烈擠壓改造形成的綜閤產物。整體來看中下侏囉統主要髮育有NW-SE嚮、近EW嚮、NEE-SWW嚮和NE-SW嚮4組斷裂，不同走嚮斷裂其形成時代、運動學特徵、縯化過程及在空間上的分佈等方麵都存在明顯差異。受不同斷裂活動性質的影響，研究區髮育有NW-SE嚮、NE-SW嚮及NNE-SWW嚮3組不同走嚮的褶皺構造。受中下侏囉統構造變形過程的控製，研究區構造圈閉主要為揹斜型圈閉，它們多被斷裂切割改造，形成斷層-揹斜複閤型圈閉。根據圈閉髮育的控製因素可以分為在基底古隆起基礎上髮育起來的揹斜型圈閉（A型）和與基底古隆起無關的新近紀形成的擠壓揹斜型圈閉（B型）。不同類型圈閉的成藏有效性存在明顯差異。A型圈閉由于是在基底古隆起基礎上髮育起來的，中下侏囉統儲層髮育相對較好；B型圈閉主要位于研究區東部，早中侏囉世該區位于水體較深部位，儲層髮育差。根據A型圈閉在後期構造運動中被改造的彊弱，可進一步分為A-1型和A-2型圈閉。A-1型圈閉後期被改造程度弱，早期古隆起邊緣斷裂的後期活動未將早期（新近紀以前）可能已經形成的中下侏囉統原生油氣藏完全破壞掉，從而一部分原生油氣藏被保存下來；而A-2型圈閉後期被改造程度彊，早期斷裂的後期活動或新生斷裂將早期可能形成的中下侏囉統原生油氣藏嚴重破壞。3類構造圈閉中下侏囉統成藏有效性以A-1型圈閉最好，A-2型圈閉次之，B型圈閉最差。
아모하우안구괴위CNPC재아모하분지적중요합작구괴，목전대해구중하주라통구조면모인식불심청초，엄중제약착해구심부적유기감탐진전。충분이용이유적지질、찬탐자료급신근채집적삼유지진자료，통과대연구구중하주라통층서계면적전구추종대비，탐토료아모하우안구괴중부삼유지진구적중하주라통구조변형특정，재차기출상진일보분석료중하주라통구조권폐류형급기성장유효성。연구표명，연구구중하주라통구조시재만이첩세-삼첩기단함계단형성적사이주단계배경상，경과주라기-고근기적요함계단화신근기이래적래자남동방향적강렬제압개조형성적종합산물。정체래간중하주라통주요발육유NW-SE향、근EW향、NEE-SWW향화NE-SW향4조단렬，불동주향단렬기형성시대、운동학특정、연화과정급재공간상적분포등방면도존재명현차이。수불동단렬활동성질적영향，연구구발육유NW-SE향、NE-SW향급NNE-SWW향3조불동주향적습추구조。수중하주라통구조변형과정적공제，연구구구조권폐주요위배사형권폐，타문다피단렬절할개조，형성단층-배사복합형권폐。근거권폐발육적공제인소가이분위재기저고륭기기출상발육기래적배사형권폐（A형）화여기저고륭기무관적신근기형성적제압배사형권폐（B형）。불동류형권폐적성장유효성존재명현차이。A형권폐유우시재기저고륭기기출상발육기래적，중하주라통저층발육상대교호；B형권폐주요위우연구구동부，조중주라세해구위우수체교심부위，저층발육차。근거A형권폐재후기구조운동중피개조적강약，가진일보분위A-1형화A-2형권폐。A-1형권폐후기피개조정도약，조기고륭기변연단렬적후기활동미장조기（신근기이전）가능이경형성적중하주라통원생유기장완전파배도，종이일부분원생유기장피보존하래；이A-2형권폐후기피개조정도강，조기단렬적후기활동혹신생단렬장조기가능형성적중하주라통원생유기장엄중파배。3류구조권폐중하주라통성장유효성이A-1형권폐최호，A-2형권폐차지，B형권폐최차。
The Amu-Dar'ya right bank area is one of the important overseas cooperative areas of the China Na-tional Petroleum Corporation.The structural feature of the Lower-middle Jurassic series in this area is not under-stood well currently,which restricts the next exploration activity.In this paper,making full use of existing geo-logical and drilling data as well as late-collective 3 D seismic data,we investigate the structural feature of the Lower-middle Jurassic series in the middle of the Amu-Dar'ya right bank area by tracing and matching of the strata surfaces,and further analyze the style of the structural trapping and their effectiveness in the formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs.The investigation indicates that four groups of faults develop in the Lower-middle Juras-sic series in this area with their strike being NW-SE,nearly EW,NEE-SWW and NE-SW direction respective-ly,and there are obvious differences among their formation time,kinetic characteristics,evolutionary process and spatial distribution.Similarly,in this area develop three groups of fold structures with their strikes being NW-SE,NE-SW and NNE-SWW,respectively.Under the influence of the structural development,the main type of structural trapping is anticline trap,which is often cut by faults and is remolded to form fault-anticline composite trap.According to the main controlling factors of the trap development,the anticline traps could be classified into the anticline trap (Type A)that develops on the palaeohigh of the basement rock,and the com-pressive anticline trap(Type B)that develops in the Neogene era and is independent of the palaeohigh of the basement rock.The type A is drape fold in the early period and is reformed during the subsequent compressional movement,with being formalized in the Neogene era.There are obvious differences in the effectiveness of the formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs between various types of structural traps.The type A develops on the palaeo-high of the basement rock so that the reservoir of the Lower-middle Jurassic series develops well.Contrarily,the type B is mainly located at the east of the research area,where the depositional water was so deep in the Early-middle Jurassic that the reservoir of the Lower-middle Jurassic series develops badly.According to recon-struction extent of the subsequent compressional movement,the type A could be further divided into type A-1 and type A-2 .The type A-1 was reconstructed weakly during the after compressional movement,so the reactivity of the faults being located at the edge of the palaeohigh of the basement rock in the early stage couldn't destroy the primary oil gas pools of the Lower-middle Jurassic series that were formed before Neo-gene completely with some native reservoirs saved.The type A-2 was remolded so intensely during the after compressional movement that the reactivity of the existing faults or neogenic faults' activity almost eliminate the primary oil gas pools of the Lower-middle Jurassic series.As a whole,the effectiveness in the formation of hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Lower-middle Jurassic series of the type A-1 is better than that of the type A-2,which is better than the type B.