CAJ | 학술논문

确定合理磷肥用量对取得高产、提高经济收益和保护环境都有重要意义，而明确土壤速效磷产量临界值与淋溶临界值是界定施肥量适宜与否的必要前提。本文基于下辽河平原长期定位试验，使用直线-平台、双直线和米氏模型计算土壤速效磷产量临界值，通过土柱淋溶试验确定土壤速效磷淋溶临界值。结果表明：该地区玉米和大豆的速效磷产量临界值分别为12．0 mg?kg -1和10．8 mg?kg -1；三个模型中以米氏模型计算的值最高，以直线-平台模型计算的值最低；通过6次淋溶试验，计算的土壤速效磷淋溶临界值在74．6 mg?kg -1到82．0 mg?kg -1之间，均值为80．2 mg?kg -1。在农业生产中应将土壤速效磷控制在12．0～80．2 mg?kg -1之间，可据此指导施肥，达到保证作物生长所需养分，并减少施肥对环境影响的目标。
학정합리린비용량대취득고산、제고경제수익화보호배경도유중요의의，이명학토양속효린산량림계치여림용림계치시계정시비량괄의여부적필요전제。본문기우하료하평원장기정위시험，사용직선-평태、쌍직선화미씨모형계산토양속효린산량림계치，통과토주림용시험학정토양속효린림용림계치。결과표명：해지구옥미화대두적속효린산량림계치분별위12．0 mg?kg -1화10．8 mg?kg -1；삼개모형중이미씨모형계산적치최고，이직선-평태모형계산적치최저；통과6차림용시험，계산적토양속효린림용림계치재74．6 mg?kg -1도82．0 mg?kg -1지간，균치위80．2 mg?kg -1。재농업생산중응장토양속효린공제재12．0～80．2 mg?kg -1지간，가거차지도시비，체도보증작물생장소수양분，병감소시비대배경영향적목표。
For achieving high yield and economic benefits ,as well as protecting the environment ,it was necessary to clarify the relevant thresholds to optimize application of fertilizer phosphorus (P) .Based on the long-term experiments in lower reach of Liaohe River Plain ,the thresholds of soil Olsen - P for yield (TPY) were calculated by linear-linear (LL) ,linear-plateau (LP) and Mitscherlich type exponential (Exp) models .In addition ,the thresholds of soil Olsen-P for leaching (TPL ) were determined by soil column leaching experiment .Results showed that the TPY was 12 .0 mg?kg - 1 and 10 .8 mg?kg - 1 for maize (Zea mays L .) and soybean (Glycine max) ,respectively .Furthermore ,the TPY was the highest as calculated by the Exp model ,whereas the least was obtained with the LP model .The TPLs ranged from 74 .6 mg?kg - 1 to 82 .0 mg?kg - 1 ,with the mean value of 80 .2 mg?kg - 1 .It was recommended that Olsen-P concentration should be maintained within the range from 12 .0 mg?kg - 1 to 80 .2 mg?kg - 1 in the target area ,in order to sustain crop production and avoid environmental contamination .