CAJ | 학술논문

随着蚊虫对传统化学杀虫剂耐药性的出现，生物灭蚊途径得到越来越广泛的关注。本实验选取生物防治中常用的5株野生型虫生真菌菌株，包括4株野生型白僵菌 Beauveria bassiana 及1株绿僵菌Metarhizium anisopliae，测定不同浓度的孢子悬液对白纹伊蚊幼虫和等量的固体培养基上的孢子粉对白纹伊蚊成蚊的逐日累积校正死亡率，通过比较累计校正死亡率的大小来判断各株菌株对蚊虫的毒力。实验结果显示，菌株GIM3.428、 GIM3.45、 GIM3.528、 GIM3.436和GIM3.46对白纹伊蚊幼虫和成蚊均具有致病性，通过1×104个孢子/mL 的孢子悬液处理白纹伊蚊幼虫10 d，幼虫的累计校正死亡率分别为（46.7±2.3）％、（45.0±4.0）％、（41.7±2.3）％、（35.0±4.0）％和（25.0±4.0）％；而用等量孢子粉感染成蚊，成蚊10 d的累计死亡率分别为（37.8±3.1）％、（51.1±4.1）％、（38.9±4.1）％、（30±2.7）％和（17.8±3.1）％。我们筛选出了对白纹伊蚊的幼虫和成蚊的杀灭效果较为理想的白僵菌GIM3.45和GIM3.428菌株，为生物杀蚊剂的开发提供理论依据
수착문충대전통화학살충제내약성적출현，생물멸문도경득도월래월엄범적관주。본실험선취생물방치중상용적5주야생형충생진균균주，포괄4주야생형백강균 Beauveria bassiana 급1주록강균Metarhizium anisopliae，측정불동농도적포자현액대백문이문유충화등량적고체배양기상적포자분대백문이문성문적축일루적교정사망솔，통과비교루계교정사망솔적대소래판단각주균주대문충적독력。실험결과현시，균주GIM3.428、 GIM3.45、 GIM3.528、 GIM3.436화GIM3.46대백문이문유충화성문균구유치병성，통과1×104개포자/mL 적포자현액처리백문이문유충10 d，유충적루계교정사망솔분별위（46.7±2.3）％、（45.0±4.0）％、（41.7±2.3）％、（35.0±4.0）％화（25.0±4.0）％；이용등량포자분감염성문，성문10 d적루계사망솔분별위（37.8±3.1）％、（51.1±4.1）％、（38.9±4.1）％、（30±2.7）％화（17.8±3.1）％。아문사선출료대백문이문적유충화성문적살멸효과교위이상적백강균GIM3.45화GIM3.428균주，위생물살문제적개발제공이론의거
With the occurrence of drug resistance to traditional chemical insecticides in mosquitoes , a great attention has been paid to the development of bio-insecticides.The 5 entomogenous fungi strains, including 4 strains of Beauveria bassiana and one strain of Metarhizium anisopliae, that are frequently used in biological control of insects , were used in killing Aedes albopictus mosquitoes.Different concentrations of fungal spore suspension were used in the detection of toxicity to larvae, and the same amount of spores on the solid culture medium were used in the detection of toxicity to adults .The toxicity of the entomogenous fungi strains was evaluated with the cumulative adjusted mortality of Ae.albopictus larvae or adults treated with entomogenous fungi spores for 10 days.The results showed that the 5 entomogenous fungi strains, GM3.428, GIM3.45, GIM3.528, GIM3.436 and GIM3.46, resulted in a cumulative adjusted mortality of ( 46.7 ± 2.3)%, (45.0 ±4.0)%, (41.7 ±2.3)%, (35.0 ±4.0)% and (25.0 ±4.0)% respectively, to mosquito larvae, and a cumulative adjusted mortality of (37.8 ±3.1)%, (51.1 ±4.1)%, (38.9 ±4.1)%, (30.0 ±2.7)% and (17.8 ± 3.1)% to mosquito adults, respectively.GIM3.45 and GIM3.428 strain of B.bassiana are the most toxic to Ae.albopictus larvae and adults, showing the best effects in killing Ae.albopictus mosquitoes.The most toxic strains against Ae.albopictus were selected based on the present study, which provides a scientific basis for the bio-insecticide development for mosquito control.