CAJ | 학술논문

当今世界主要海港城市港口管理的总体发展趋势是通过引人港湾公社制度进行管理的模式,韩国主要港口实行的港湾公社制度及其成果，对中国港口经营也有借鉴意义。韩国自2004年从釜山开始设立港湾公社制度后先后设立了仁川、蔚山和丽水光洋等四个国家港湾公社，2001年设立了京畿道地方政府出资的平泽港湾公社。自治、分权及效率是港湾公社制度最显著的特征，只有准确评价港湾公社的经营业绩，才能判断引进港湾公社制度的成功与否。对港湾公社经营业绩产生影响的主要因素有港湾公社的组织结构、控股模式、经营管理特征、最高经营者的出身及关注点和能力、客户管理、经济形势以及政府支援等。
당금세계주요해항성시항구관리적총체발전추세시통과인인항만공사제도진행관리적모식,한국주요항구실행적항만공사제도급기성과，대중국항구경영야유차감의의。한국자2004년종부산개시설립항만공사제도후선후설립료인천、위산화려수광양등사개국가항만공사，2001년설립료경기도지방정부출자적평택항만공사。자치、분권급효솔시항만공사제도최현저적특정，지유준학평개항만공사적경영업적，재능판단인진항만공사제도적성공여부。대항만공사경영업적산생영향적주요인소유항만공사적조직결구、공고모식、경영관리특정、최고경영자적출신급관주점화능력、객호관리、경제형세이급정부지원등。
For the port management of the main port cities around the world, the current trend seems to be introducing the Port Authority System to operate the port. The implementation of the port authority system in Korea and its achievement can be reference for the management of ports in China. In 2004, Korean Gov-ernment created its first Port Authority in Busan, followed by 4 others Port Authorities created in Incheon, Ulsan, Yeosu-Gwangyang, and the latest one in Pyeongtaek built in 2011. The main characteristics of the Port Authority System are self-supporting, decentralization and e?ciency. To measure the achievement of the Port Authority System and to decide whether to introduce or not, the accurate evaluation of the financial performance is the most important. In order to do that, it is necessary to observe the key factors influencing the business performance of Port Authority, such as the organization structure, shareholding pattern, characteristics of the management, the backgrounds and capacity of the chief executive, customer management, economic situation and government support.