CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解涉及航班上的出诊总体情况和特点，出诊为机场急救力量的配备提供事实依据，为机场医疗救护人员的培训提供参考依据，促进机场应急救护和医疗保障水准与能力的进步。方法结合旅客吞吐量变化情况，统计分析武汉天河机场2001年到2011年度所有涉及航班上的出诊案例计605例。结果①到达航班出诊292例，出发航班出诊186例，备降航班出诊139例；②急诊出诊425例，传染病排查出诊71例，转运出诊109例；③呼吸系统疾病112例，心脑血管疾病117例，神经精神疾病34例，消化道疾病50例，泌尿系疾病13例，航空性意外伤害65例，飞机上死亡7例，气压变化导致疾病21例，其他疾病186例；④每百万旅客出诊率从0.146变为0.0409，每万架次航班出诊率为7.2。结论①航班上出诊与旅客吞吐量、飞机起降架次增长呈现非线性正相关，增长率逐年下降。②疾病原因备降是非天气原因飞机备降的重要原因。③心血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、空中意外伤害、神经精神疾病是航班上出诊的主要病例，并呈现快速增长的势头；与气压变化相关性疾病也呈现增长势头；航空性意外伤害逐年下降。④传染病防治是机场医疗活动的重要内容。⑤有计划的航空医疗转运呈现大幅增长的势头，机场医疗机构应充分调度其优势资源，抓住这一市场。⑥民航业必须大力增加对机场医疗救护投入；必须进一步加强机场医护人员培训，注重强化呼吸系统疾病、心血管疾病、神经精神疾病、气压变化相关性疾病等救护知识的提高。
목적：료해섭급항반상적출진총체정황화특점，출진위궤장급구역량적배비제공사실의거，위궤장의료구호인원적배훈제공삼고의거，촉진궤장응급구호화의료보장수준여능력적진보。방법결합여객탄토량변화정황，통계분석무한천하궤장2001년도2011년도소유섭급항반상적출진안례계605례。결과①도체항반출진292례，출발항반출진186례，비강항반출진139례；②급진출진425례，전염병배사출진71례，전운출진109례；③호흡계통질병112례，심뇌혈관질병117례，신경정신질병34례，소화도질병50례，비뇨계질병13례，항공성의외상해65례，비궤상사망7례，기압변화도치질병21례，기타질병186례；④매백만여객출진솔종0.146변위0.0409，매만가차항반출진솔위7.2。결론①항반상출진여여객탄토량、비궤기강가차증장정현비선성정상관，증장솔축년하강。②질병원인비강시비천기원인비궤비강적중요원인。③심혈관질병、호흡계통질병、공중의외상해、신경정신질병시항반상출진적주요병례，병정현쾌속증장적세두；여기압변화상관성질병야정현증장세두；항공성의외상해축년하강。④전염병방치시궤장의료활동적중요내용。⑤유계화적항공의료전운정현대폭증장적세두，궤장의료궤구응충분조도기우세자원，조주저일시장。⑥민항업필수대력증가대궤장의료구호투입；필수진일보가강궤장의호인원배훈，주중강화호흡계통질병、심혈관질병、신경정신질병、기압변화상관성질병등구호지식적제고。
Objective To fully understand the overall situation and characteristics of the visit during flight, and furnish reliable reference for rationally allocating emergency medical resources, providing training programs for airport medical personnel, and enhancing emergency responding capability. Methods A statistical analysis was conducted on 605 visits with flight took place in Wuhan Tianhe airport in between 2001 and 2011. Results① 292 visits on arrival, 186 visits on departure, and 139 visits on alternate flight; ②425 visits on emergency house call, 71 visits on infectious disease screening, 109 visits of transfer;③112 cases of respiratory diseases, 117 cases of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular vascular diseases, and 34 cases of neuropsychiatric disease, 50 cases of gastrointestinal disease, 13 cases of urinary tract diseases, 65 cases of aviation accident injury, 7 died on the plane, 21 cases caused by air pressure changes, 186 cases of other diseases;④The rate of visit declined to 0.0409 from 0.146 per million passengers, and 7.2/ten thousand flights. Conclusion① Flight visits and passenger throughput growth in aircraft movements reflected a nonlinear positive correlation, the growth rate has been declining.②Alternate flight became the causes for illness incidence. ③Cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, air accident injury, neuropsychiatric disease become major illnesses for the flight visit, and demonstrate a trend of rapid growth, as well as those illnesses caused by air pressure changes, yet, with a decline on aeronautical accident injury.④Prevention of contagious disease is considered being an important part of airport medical services.⑤ Air medical transfer shows a growing trend which could be realized as a growing market;⑥ It is suggested that the civil aviation industry takes steps in investing in airport medical services, strengthening medical training programs emphasizing on respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, neuropsychiatric disorders, air pressure change related diseases, as well as improving its personnel’s first aid skills.