CAJ | 학술논문

为探究生产一线所使用的实用饲料对养殖草鱼体组织脂肪酸组成的影响，试验对两种草鱼育成期商品饲料（CY1和CY2）及该饲料饲喂草鱼的肝胰脏、腹腔脂肪组织、肾脏、肠道、脾脏、肌肉、鳃、眼、脑9种组织的脂肪酸组成进行了检测和分析。结果显示，CY1和CY2饲料亚油酸（LA）含量分别为35.13%和35.07%，亚麻酸（LNA）含量分别为4.93%和9.01%，花生四烯酸（ARA）含量分别为1.10%和10.88%，n-3高不饱和脂肪酸（HUFA）含量分别为2.12%和0.80%。饲料与组织脂肪酸组成相关性分析显示，腹腔脂肪组织和肠道组织的脂肪酸组成与饲料脂肪酸组成相关系数最高，脑组织最低。为了判明脂肪酸的组织沉积特征，对组织重要脂肪酸含量与饲料相应脂肪酸含量的比值进行散点分析，发现脂肪酸离散程度由高到低依次为HU-FA、LA和LNA、饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）。组织及饲料SFA、MUFA、HUFA比值大于1，LA、LNA比值小于1。不同组织器官相比较，腹腔脂肪组织的SFA、HUFA比值最低， MUFA、LA、LNA比值较高；相反，在脑组织中，HUFA比值较高，而LA、LNA比值最低。研究表明，两种商品饲料LNA的添加水平较低，LA的添加水平较高。鱼体组织的脂肪酸组成基本反映了饲料脂肪酸组成，但脂肪酸的组织沉积模式存在差异，分析可能与不同类型脂肪酸的利用与转化特点不同有关。建议生产中有针对性地选择饲料油脂，以满足草鱼生长及维护健康状态的脂肪酸需求。
위탐구생산일선소사용적실용사료대양식초어체조직지방산조성적영향，시험대량충초어육성기상품사료（CY1화CY2）급해사료사위초어적간이장、복강지방조직、신장、장도、비장、기육、새、안、뇌9충조직적지방산조성진행료검측화분석。결과현시，CY1화CY2사료아유산（LA）함량분별위35.13%화35.07%，아마산（LNA）함량분별위4.93%화9.01%，화생사희산（ARA）함량분별위1.10%화10.88%，n-3고불포화지방산（HUFA）함량분별위2.12%화0.80%。사료여조직지방산조성상관성분석현시，복강지방조직화장도조직적지방산조성여사료지방산조성상관계수최고，뇌조직최저。위료판명지방산적조직침적특정，대조직중요지방산함량여사료상응지방산함량적비치진행산점분석，발현지방산리산정도유고도저의차위HU-FA、LA화LNA、포화지방산（SFA）화단불포화지방산（MUFA）。조직급사료SFA、MUFA、HUFA비치대우1，LA、LNA비치소우1。불동조직기관상비교，복강지방조직적SFA、HUFA비치최저， MUFA、LA、LNA비치교고；상반，재뇌조직중，HUFA비치교고，이LA、LNA비치최저。연구표명，량충상품사료LNA적첨가수평교저，LA적첨가수평교고。어체조직적지방산조성기본반영료사료지방산조성，단지방산적조직침적모식존재차이，분석가능여불동류형지방산적이용여전화특점불동유관。건의생산중유침대성지선택사료유지，이만족초어생장급유호건강상태적지방산수구。
Two kinds of practical grass carp feed (CY1 and CY2) and 9 tissues (hepatopancreas, intraperitoneal fat, kidney, intestine, spleen, muscle, gill, eyes and brain) of the fish fed with the two kinds of feed were collected to evaluate the influence of practical diets on tissue fatty acid composition in reared grass carp. The results showed that LA content in diet CY1 and CY2 were 35.13% and 35.07%, respectively, LNA content were 4.93% and 9.01%, respectively, ARA level were 1.10% and 10.88%, respectively, and n-3 HUFA proportion were 2.12% and 0.80%, respectively. Intraperitoneal fat and intestine showed the highest correlation coefficient between tissues and dietary fatty acid composition, while the brain showed the lowest correla-tion coefficient. Important fatty acid content of the tissue and corresponding dietary fatty acid content ratio were analyzed with scatter diagram to justify the feature of tissue fatty acid deposi-tion. Dispersion degree from high to low was HUFA, LA and LNA, SFA and MUFA, re-spectively. SFA, MUFA and HUFA ratios were greater than 1 while LA and LNA ratio were less than 1. Compared to other tissues, intraperitoneal fat, SFA, HUFA contents were the lowest and MUFA, LA, LNA were the highest, on the contrary, in brain, HUFA showed the higher content and LA, LNA showed the lowest content. In conclusion, the dietary LNA content in practical feed appears to be less than the necessary, while the LA content excessive. Tissue fatty acid profiles reflected the composi-tion of dietary fatty acid, however, the fatty acid deposition patterns were different in various tis-sues, which might be related to the diversity of utilization and transformation mode of certain fat-ty acid. It is suggested that the attention should be paid for the dietary oil source selection to meet the fatty acid requirement of grass carp, which could be benefit to the growth and health status of this specific fish species.